Exploring the impact of The Philippine Occupational Therapy Law of 2018 on occupation-based practice,professional identity,interprofessional collaboration,and resource support in hospital settings

Abstract

Introduction:

Republic Act No. 11241, the Philippine Occupational Therapy Law of 2018, grants occupational therapists professional recognition and autonomy. However, systemic barriers continue to limit the integration of occupation-based practice (OBP) in hospitals. This study examines institutional challenges occupational therapists face in implementing occupation-based interventions within the Philippine hospital system.

Method:

An interpretive phenomenological study using semistructured interviews was conducted with hospital-based occupational therapists across various healthcare institutions in the Philippines given 4 years of the law’s enactment. Purposive sampling ensured representation of therapists with experience in OBP. Data were analyzed thematically, guided by Bourdieu’s theory of practice, to explore how institutional structures influence occupational therapy practice.

Findings:

Findings reveal that hierarchical referral systems and biomedical dominance restrict occupational therapists’ autonomy, reinforcing impairment-based rehabilitation over occupation-based interventions. Physician-dependent referral pathways further limit their ability to initiate OBP, restricting interdisciplinary collaboration. Institutional policies, resource constraints, and limited mentorship opportunities exacerbate these challenges.

Conclusion:

Despite legal recognition, systemic barriers hinder OBP in Philippine hospitals. Addressing these challenges requires structured hospital policies, referral pathway reforms, and professional development programs. Strengthening interdisciplinary collaboration and mentorship can support occupational therapists in advocating for and integrating OBP into hospital rehabilitation services.