Prisoners who maintain an internal locus of control adjust more effectively in prison and after release. A program to increase internal locus of control by improving problem-solving skills was evaluated using a pre/posttest experimental design with a three-month follow-up. One hundred sixty-eight prisoners were randomly assigned to a treatment or control group. Contrary to the underlying theory of treatment, and theory regarding the effects of incarceration, the prisoners were found to have an internal locus of control and adequate problem-solving skills. Thus, prisoners already possessed characteristics that treatment was implemented to facilitate. Plausible explanations are discussed. The findings have clear implications for future clinical work. The need for knowledge-building in this area is also discussed.
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