Quoted inE.U. Essien-UdomBlack Nationalism: A search for an Identity in America ( Chicago, University of Chicago Press, 1962).
2.
Quoted in Benjamin Quarles (ed.), Frederick Douglass (Washington D.C., Associated Publishers Inc., 1948), p. 124.
3.
Frantz Fanon, The Wretched of the Earth (London, MacGibbon and Kee, 1965). See also E. Franklin Frazier, Black Bourgeoisie: The Rise of a New Middle Class in the United States ( New York, Collier Books, 1962).