The war on terror is affecting developing countries and development policy and practice. The international focus on counter-terrorism and security has influenced aid allocations and the nature of donor co-operation with developing countries. Counter-terrorism is being used to justify practices that undermine the achievement of development goals and run contrary to international commitments on human rights. Increases in military aid and the export of arms are jeopardising human security and livelihoods in many parts of the world.
and Alexandra Poolos , ‘US opens new phase in war on terror’, Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty (23 January 2002), http://www.rferl.org/.
2.
2 Thomas Lum, ‘US foreign aid to East and South Asia: selected recipients’, Congressional Research Service Report for Congress (10 April 2002).
3.
3 Yumiko Nakagawa , ‘A vital triangle: Indonesia and the US-Japan alliance’, Issues & Insights, Pacific Forum CSIS, Honolulu, Hawaii (Vol. 3, no. 4, July 2003).
4.
4 Conn Hallinan , ‘Supporting Indonesia’s military bad idea - again’ , Foreign Policy in Focus, http://www.atimes.com/se-asia/DF14Ae01.html (homepage of Asia Times Online, 14 June 2002).
5.
5 Lum, op. cit.
6.
6 BOND , ‘Global security and development updates’ (September 2003 and October 2003), http://www.bond.org.uk/advocacy/globalsecurity.htm.
7.
7 Suvedrini Kakuchi , ‘Japan’s new embrace of peace diplomacy’, http://www.atimes.com/atimes/Japan/EB06Dh01.html.
8.
8 BOND , ‘Global security and development project, September 23 update’, http://www.bond.org.uk/advocacy/gsdsept.htm%23aus.
9.
9 ‘Counter-terrorism and Australian aid’ , Commonwealth of Australia (August 2003).
10.
10 Gorm Rye Olsen , ‘Promotion of democracy as a foreign policy instrument of ‘‘Europe’’: limits to international idealism’ , Democratization (Vol. 7, no. 2, 2000), pp. 142-167 .
11.
11 G. Lenzi , ‘WEU’s role in sub-Saharan Africa’, pp. 46-65 in W. Khüne, G. Lenzi and A. Vasconcelos, WEU’s Role in Crisis Management and Conflict Resolution in Sub-Saharan Africa ( Paris, Institute for Security Studies of WEU , 1995), p. 48.
12.
and Chris Alden and Karen E. Smith, LSE , ‘Strengthening democratic structures and processes in Africa: a commentary on the role of the EU’ , presentation at IISS seminar in Lisbon (November 2003).
13.
13 BOND , ‘Tacklingpoverty in Asia’ (2002), http://www.bond.org.uk/eu/eupolicy.html%23tacklingpoverty.
14.
14 For further in-depth analysis of the relationship between EU foreign, security and development policies, see BOND , Europe in the World: Essays on EU foreign, security and development policies (May 2003), http://www.bond.org.uk/eu/euinworld.htm.
15.
15 Nakagawa, op. cit.
16.
16 Arnold Padilla , ‘Mini-Marshall plan for Mindanao: will foreign aid end the Moro war?’, IBON ‘Facts & Figures’ (November 2003).
19 ’Counter-terrorism and Australian aid’, op. cit.
20.
20 International Solidarity Mission, ‘Behind the ‘‘second front’’: report of the International Solidarity Mission against US armed intervention in the Philippines, 24- 31 July 2002’ (Quezon City, August 2002).
21.
21 IBON, ‘Facts & Figures’ (15 and 30 November 2003).
22.
22 Financial Times (23 October and 7 November 2003).
23.
23 Alan Greenspan , ‘Globalization: the Institute for International Economics’first annual Stavros Niarchos lecture’ (Washington, Institute for International Economics, 24 October 2001).
24.
24 Washington Post (20 September 2001).
25.
25 Produced by Foreign Policy Magazine, http://www.foreignpolicy.com/wwwboard/gindex.php.
26.
26 Financial Times (23 October and 7 November 2003).
27.
27 New York Times (25 September 2003), p. A27 .
28.
28 See http://www.globalpolicy.org/socecon/ffd/2003/0402capital.htm (accessed 11 November 2003)
29.
29 ‘Globalization on hold? Global investment trends of US manufacturers’ ( New York, Deloitte Research , June 2003).
30.
30 Report is available at http://www.tourismconcern.org.uk
31.
31 Africa Online, http://www.africaonline.com/site/Articles/1,3,53156.jsp (accessed 7 November 2003).
32.
32 BOND , Europe in the World, op. cit., ch. 8.
33.
33 ‘America slams the door (on its foot): Washington’s destructive new visa policies’ , Foreign Affairs (Vol. 82, no. 3, May 2003).
34.
34 John Gershman , ‘Is Southeast Asia the second front?’ , Foreign Policy in Focus (25 October 2002) http://www.fpif.org.
35.
35 ‘The terror war’s next offensive’ , Far Eastern Economics Review (28 August 2003).
36.
36 ‘Afghanistan omitted from US aid budget’ , BBC News World Edition (13 February 2003).
37.
37 Amnesty International , Annual Report 2003: human rights threatened by ‘war on terror’, http://www.amnesty.org.uk/deliver?document=14553.
38.
38 This section draws heavily on work done by the Commonwealth Human Rights Initiative by Dominic Bascombe in ‘Anti-terrorism legislation in the Commonwealth: a briefing paper for the Commonwealth Human Rights Initiative’ (May 2003). Any errors in the reproduction are the responsibility of BOND.
39.
39 Economist (11 January 2003).
40.
40 To view the international civil society position paper on the DAC statement, see: http://www.bond.org.uk/advocacy/gsddac.htm.
41.
41 Financial Times (25 September 2003).
42.
42 Human Rights Watch , ‘In the name of counter-terrorism: human rights abuses worldwide: a Human Rights Watch briefing paper for the 59th session of the United Nations Commission on Human Rights, March 25, 2003’, http://www.hrw.org/un/chr59/counter-terrorism-bck4.htm%23P202_39289.
43.
43 Ibid.
44.
44 The UK-based think-tank Saferworld made this statement in 2002 in a memo to the House of Commons Quadripartite Select Committee (made up of the Foreign Affairs, Defence, International Development and Trade and Industry Committees).
