1 Thierry A. Brun, ‘The nutrition and health impact of cash cropping in West Africa: a historical perspective’, World Review of Nutrition and Dietetics (Vol. 65, 1991), p. 152-152.
2.
2 Ibid., pp. 152–6.
3.
3 Maxwell Owusu, ‘Agriculture and rural development since 1935’, in Ali A. Mazrui (ed.), UNESCO General History of Africa, Vol. VIII: Africa Since 1935 (Berkeley, University of California Press, 1993).
4.
4 Ibid., p. 350.
5.
5 R. D. Mann, ‘Time running out’, The Ecologist (March/April 1990), p. 53-53.
6.
6 Ibid., p. 49.
7.
7 United Nations Food and Agriculture Organisation, ‘Water development and food security’, (Rome, FAO, 1996), p. 13-13.
8.
8 US Department of Agriculture, Yearbook of Agriculture 1936 (Washington, DC, Government Printing Office, 1936), p. 60-60.
9.
9 Joseph A. Opala, The Gullah: rice, slavery, and the Sierra Leone–American connection (Freetown, Sierra Leone, USIS, 1987).
10.
10 Gary R. Grant, ‘Black farmers not taking anything for granted’, press release, Black Farmers and Agriculturalists Association (Washington, DC, 31 January 1998).
11.
11 Bill Mollison, ‘A design science with an ethic’, Ceres (November/December 1992), pp. 24–25.
12.
12 Matthias U. Igbozurike, ‘Against monoculture’, The Professional Geographer (April 1971), pp. 113–117.
13.
13 Jerry Jost, ‘Looking to the future’, Sustainable Farming News (February 1992), Kansas Rural Center, Whiting, Kansas.
14.
14 Marty Strange, ‘An open letter to the sustainable agriculture movement’, Center for Rural Affairs Newsletter (December 1990), Walthill, Nebraska.
15.
15 National Academy of Sciences, Board on Basic Biology, Commission on Life Sciences, Research Briefing 1987: report of the Research Panel on Biological Control in Managed Ecosystems (Washington, DC, National Academy Press, 1987).
16.
16 Vincent F. Garry et al., ‘Pesticide appliers, biocides, and birth defects in rural Minnesota’, Environmental Health Perspectives (April 1996), pp. 394–399.
17.
17 National Academy of Sciences, National Research Council, Alternative Agriculture (Washington, DC, National Academy Press, 1989), p. 7-7.
18.
18 World Resources Institute, World Resources 1992–93: a guide to the global environment (New York, Oxford University Press, 1992), p. 3-3.
19.
19 United Nations Environment Programme, Global Environment Outlook (New York, Oxford University Press, 1997), p. 26-26.
20.
20 Hugh Iltis, ‘Extinction is forever’, Resurgence (November/December 1997), pp. 18–22.
21.
21 Hope Shand, Human Nature: agricultural biodiversity and farm-based food security (Ottawa, Canada, Rural Advancement Foundation International, December 1997), pp. 1–9. This report was prepared for the UN Food and Agriculture Organisation.
22.
22 J. H. Bernardin de Saint Pierre, A Voyage to the Isle of France, the Isle of Bourbon, and the Cape of Good Hope: with observations and reflections upon nature and mankind (London, J. Cundee, 1800), pp. 119–120.
23.
23 Allen Isaacman and Richard Roberts (eds), Cotton, Colonialism, and Social History in Sub-Saharan Africa (London, James Currey, 1995).
24.
24 Cleophas Lado, ‘Female labor participation in agricultural production and the implications for nutrition and health in rural Africa’, Social Science and Medicine (Vol. 34, no. 7, 1992), pp. 789–807.
25.
25 Paul Richards, Indigenous Agricultural Revolution: ecology and food production in West Africa (Boulder, CO, Westview Press, 1985), p. 162-162.
26.
26 Laurence Roche, ‘Forestry and famine: arguments against growth without development’, The Ecologist (January/February 1989), pp. 16–21.
27.
27 Bill Rau, From Feast to Famine: official cures and grassroots remedies to Africa’s food crisis (London, Zed Books, 1993), p. 147-147.
28.
28 United Nations Food and Agriculture Organisation, Food, Agriculture and Food Security (Rome, FAO, 1996), p. 11-11.
29.
29 National Academy of Sciences, National Research Council, Lost Crops of Africa (Washington, DC, National Academy Press, 1996), p. 1-1.
30.
30 Ibid., p. 15.
31.
31 E. D. Morel, The Black Man’s Burden (first published in 1920, reprint, New York, Monthly Review Press, 1969), pp. 128–132.
32.
32 Chinua Achebe, Things Fall Apart (New York, Fawcett Crest, 1959), pp. 142–186.
33.
33 Barbara Crossette, ‘UN survey finds world rich–poor gap widening’, New York Times (15 July 1996), p. A3-A3.
