HRM Implications of Globalization

Levitt T. , ‘The Globalization of Markets’, Harvard Business Review, May/June, 1983, uses the term ‘global village’.

Porter M. , Competitive Advantage: Creating and Sustaining Superior Performance, New York: The Free Press, 1985.

James B. , ‘Reducing the Risks of Globalization’, Long Range Planning, Vol. 23, No. 1, 1990, p. 80.

Morrison A , Ricks D.A. , and Roth K. , ‘Globalization Versus Regionalization: Which Way for the Multinational?’, Organizational Dynamics, Winter, 1991, pp. 17–29.

Barham K. , and Devine M. , The Quest for the International Manager: A Survey of Global Human Resource Strategies, Ashridge Management Research Group Special Report No. 2098, The Economist Intelligence Unit, 1990, p.8.

Heenan D.A. , and Perlmutter H. , Multinational Organisation Development, Reading, Mass.: Addison-Wesley, 1979.

See, for example, Dowling P.J. , and Schuler R.S. , International Dimensions of International Human Resource Management, Boston, Mass.: PWS-Kent Publishing Company, 1990.

Evans P. , ‘The Context of Strategic Human Resource Management Policy in Complex Firms’, Management Forum, Vol. 6, 1986, pp. 105–117.

Phatak A.V. , International Dimensions of Management, Boston, Mass.: PWS-Kent Publishing Company, 1989, p.130.

Hedlund G. , ‘Who Manages the Global Corporation?’, unpublished working paper, Stockholm School of Economics, 1990.

Ibid, p. 16.

Mackiewicz A. , ‘Globalizing the Company with Foreign Board Members’, Business International, March 4, 1991, p. 74.

Business Week, ‘The Stateless Corporation’, May 14, 1990, pp. 52–60.

Those who evince a global profile tend to make press headlines. For example, a Financial Times article (9/8/1991, p.20) recounts the appointment of the first non-American vice-president of Du Pont, and the relocation of the company's global agricultural products division's headquarters to Switzerland - the first time that an entire Du Pont division has been headquartered outside the United States. See also Lorenz C. , ‘More Grist to the Transnational Mill, Financial Times, March 15, 1991, p.9.

Borg M. , International Transfers of Managers in Multinational Corporations, Goteborg, Sweden: Graphic Systems AB, 1988; Tung R., The New Expatriates, Cambridge Mass.: Ballinger Publisher Company, 1988.

Martinez J.I. , and Jarillo J.C. , ‘The Evolution of Research on Coordination Mechanisms in Multinational Corporations’, Journal International Business Studies, Fall, 1989, pp. 489–514.

Barham , and Devine , op.cit.

For example, Bartlett C. , and Ghoshal S. , ‘Managing Across Borders: New Strategic Requirements’, Sloan Management Review, Summer, 1987, pp.7–17; and Ghoshal, S. and Bartlett, C., ‘The Multinational Corporation as an Interorganizational Network’, Academy of Management Review, Vol. 15, No.4, 1990, pp.603–625.

Kobrin S. , ‘Expatriate Reduction and Strategic Control in American Multinational Corporations’, Human Resource Management, Vol. 27, No. 1, 1988, pp. 63–75.

Business International, ‘How MNCs Are Developing Global Managers’, September 10, 1990, pp. 305, 308.

Barham , and Devine , op.cit.

Phatak , op.cit.

Spivey W.A. , and Thomas L.D. , ‘Global Management: Concepts, Themes, Problems, and Research Issues, Human Resource Management, Vol. 29, No. 1, 1990, pp. 85–97.

Gertsen M. , ‘Expatriate Selection and Training’ in Luostarinen R. (ed.) Proceedings of the 15th Annual Conference of the European International Business Association, December 17–19, 1989, Helsinki, Finland.

Barham , and Devine , op.cit., p. 28.

Jones T. , ‘One in Four Captains of Industry Want to Jump Ship, The Times, April 4, 1991, p. 3.

Adler N. , International Dimensions of Organizational Behavior, (2nd. ed.), Boston Mass.: PWS-Kent Publishing Company, 1991; and Welch, D., ‘Determinants of International Human Resource Management Approaches and Activities: A Suggested Framework’, Journal of Management Studies, Vol. 31, No. 2, 1994, pp. 139-164.

Reynolds C. , and Bennett R. , ‘The Career Couple Challenge’, Personnel Journal, March, 1991, pp. 46–48.

Barham , and Devine , op.cit.

Reynolds , and Bennett , op.cit., p. 48.

Barham , and Devine , op.cit.

Tully S. , ‘The Hunt for the Global Manager’, Fortune, May 21, 1990, p. 38.

Taylor W. , ‘The Logic of Global Business: An Interview with ABB's Percy Barnevik’, Harvard Business Review, March-April, 1991, pp. 91–105.

Barham , and Devine , op.cit; Welch, op.cit.

Prahalad C.K. , and Hamel G. , ‘The Core Competence of the Corporation’, Harvard Business Review, May- June, 1990, pp. 87, 89.

Business International, op.cit., p. 305.

The Council of Europe completed an international treaty in 1981 to protect persons against abusive use of computer data and to regulate the flow of computerized data across borders. Most European nations have data-protection laws that safeguard personal privacy ( Robock S.H. , and Simmonds K. , International Business and Multinational Enterprises, (4th ed.), Irwin, Boston Mass.,1989).

Interview with HRM Director, Shell Australia.

Barham , and Devine , op.cit.

Welch D.E. , ‘The Personnel Variable in International Business Operations: A Study of Expatriate Management in Australian Companies’, unpublished doctoral thesis, Monash University, 1990.

Ondrack D. , ‘International Transfers of Managers in North American and European MNEs’, Journal of International Business Studies, Vol. 16, No. 3, 1985, pp. 1–19.

Barham , and Devine , op. cit., p. viii.

Doz Y.L. , and Prahalad C.K. , ‘Controlled Variety: A Challenge for Human Resource Management in the MNC, Human Resource Management, Vol. 25, No. 1, 1986, p. 67

See, for example, Ondrack op.cit., Borg, op.cit., and Welch, 1990, op.cit.

Bartlett , and Ghoshal , op.cit.

Edstrom A. , and Galbraith J.R. , ‘Transfer of Managers as a Coordination and Control Strategy in Multinational Corporations’, Administrative Science Quarterly, Vol. 22, No. 2, 1977, p. 248–263.

Borg, op.cit., and Boyacigiller N. , ‘The Role of Expatriates in the Management of Interdependence, Complexity and Risk in Multinational Corporations’, Journal of International Business Studies, Vol. 21, No. 3, 1990, pp. 357–381.

Dowling , and Schuler , op.cit.

Kobrin , op.cit.

Harvey M.G. , ‘The Multinational Corporation's Expatriate Problem: An Application of Murphy's Law’, Columbia Journal of World Business, Spring, 1983, pp. 131–144.

Kobrin , op.cit., p. 66.

Boyacigiller , op.cit.

Dowling , and Schuler , op.cit.

Barham , and Devine , op.cit.

Phatak , op.cit.

Finney M. , and Von Glinow M.A. , ‘Integrating Academic and Organizational Approaches to Developing the International Manager’, Journal of Management Development, Vol. 7, No. 2, 1988, pp. 16–27.

Barham , and Devine , op.cit.

Green W.E. , and Walls G.D. , ‘Human Resources: Hiring Internationally’, Personnel Administrator, Vol. 29, No. 7, 1984 pp. 61–66; see also Dowling and Schuler, op.cit.

Dowling , and Schuler , op.cit.

Harvey M.G. , ‘Repatriation of Corporate Executives: An Empirical Study’, Journal of International Business Studies, Spring 1989, pp. 131–144; see also Adler, op.cit.

Moynihan M. , ‘Bringing Expatriates Home: A Fresh Look at Reentry’, Business International, February 11, 1991, pp. 49, 54.

Harvey , 1989, op.cit; Welch, 1991, op.cit.

Dowling P.J. , and Welch D.E. , ‘International Human Resource Management: An Australian Perspective’, Asian Pacific Journal of Management, Vol. 6, No. 1, 1988, pp. 39–65.

Barham , and Devine , op.cit, p. 7.