This study presents a dataset derived from a survey examining the effects of family social capital and family governance Practices on the sense of belonging at work among members of family firms in China. Data were collected through a web-based questionnaire administered between July and September 2024, resulting in a valid sample of 454 respondents actively involved in family firms. A snowball sampling approach was employed, with participants encouraged to disseminate the survey link through widely used social media platforms to reach other eligible respondents. The questionnaire was initially developed in English and then translated into Chinese following a rigorous back-translation procedure to ensure conceptual and linguistic accuracy. Harman’s single-factor test was conducted to assess and mitigate the risk of common method bias. Data were analyzed using SPSS 21.0 and AMOS 21.0. In addition to participants’ demographic characteristics, the article reports results from exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), providing a valuable empirical foundation for future research on organizational behavior and social capital in the context of family-owned firms in China.
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