The EU defines SMEs based on employee numbers, turnover or balance sheet total and ownership. An SME
2.
• Has fewer than 250 employees, and either
3.
• An annual turnover not exceeding ECU40 million, or
4.
• An annual balance sheet total not exceeding ECU 27 million, and is an independent enterprise, i.e. 25 per cent or more of the capital or voting rights cannot be owned by large enterprises.
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18.
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19.
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22.
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23.
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25.
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37.
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38.
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39.
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42.
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48.
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49.
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50.
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54.
The terms Corporate Social Responsibility, Corporate Citizenship and Corporate Social Performance are used interchangeably and in accordance with their use in the original works cited; they are taken to mean the same thing.
55.
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59.
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60.
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61.
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62.
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69.
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75.
CurranJ., op. cit.
76.
BesserT. L. and MillerN., op. cit.; BesserT. L., ‘Community Involvement and the Perception of Success Among Small Business Operators in Small Towns’, Journal of Small Business Management, 37, No. 4, 1999, pp. 16–29; CornwallJ. R., ‘The Entrepreneur as a Building Block for Community’, Journal of Developmental Entrepreneurship, 3, No. 2, 1998, pp. 141–148.
77.
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79.
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80.
GibbA. A., op. cit.
81.
BesserT. L. and MillerN., op. cit.; BesserT. L., op. cit.
82.
Half of European SMEs are involved, to different degrees, in external socially responsible activities (EC & Observatory of European SMEs, op. cit.).
83.
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