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4.
This paper draws heavily from extensive research and the guidelines that were developed by the authors and adopted by the Society of Management Accountants of Canada and published as ‘Measuring and Improving the Performance of Corporate Boards’, Hamilton, ON: The Society of Management Accountants of Canada, 2002.
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Among the most influential are certainly The Cadhury Report in the UK, The National Association of Corporate Directors in the US, The Dey Report in. Canada, and The Bosch Report in Australia.
9.
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14.
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15.
CongerJ. A.,, 2001, op. cit.
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As a matter of fact, in order to comply with the SOA, the board is required to establish procedures to hear confidential employee complaints about accounting, internal auditing controls and auditing matters. See Sarbanes-Oxley Act 2002—available at http://banking.senate.gov/pss/acctrfm/conf_rpt.pdf
17.
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18.
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21.
While the term ‘financial literacy' typically indicates that directors should be able to read and understand financial statements and usual financial ratios, the term ‘financial expert' refers to (1) ‘an understanding of generally accepted accounting principles and financial statements’, (2) ‘experience in the preparation or auditing of financial statements of generally comparable issuers and the application of such principles’, (3) ‘experience with internal accounting controls’, and (4) ‘an understanding of audit committee functions’. See Sarbanes-Oxley Act 2002 - available at http://banking.senate.gov/pss/acctrfm/conf_rpt.pdf
22.
Epstein.M. J., and PalepuK., ‘What Financial Analysts Want’, Strategic Finance, April. 1999, pp. 48–52.
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28.
Dell Computers, for example, has introduced five-year vesting periods for its stock options, while other companies have introduced more stringent stock ownership policies that require senior managers to hold a substantial percentage of shares during their entire tenure with the company. Other companies are examining alternatives like issuing stock rather than options, benchmarking performance, and long stock holding periods for senior executives.
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31.
SiciliansJ. I., 2002, op. cit.; Lorsch, J. W., ‘Smelling Smoke: Why Boards of Directors Need the Balanced Scorecard’, Balanced Scorecard Report. September-October, 2002.
32.
CongerJ. A., and LawlerE. E.III, ‘Individual Director Evaluations’, Ivey Business Journal, May-June, 2002, pp. 28–31.
33.
CongerJ. A., and LawlerE. E.III, ‘Individual Director Evaluations’, Ivey Business Journal, May-June, 2002, pp. 28–31.