See, for example, Hedley Bull, 'Society and Anarchy in International Relations ' in H. Butterfield and M. Wight, Diplomatic Investigations: Essays in the Theory of International Politics (London: George Allen and Unwin, 1966).
2.
These questions provide the structure for Hedley Bull, The Anarchical Society (London: Macmillan, 1977).
3.
See John Rawls, A Theory of Justice (Oxford: Clarendon , 1972), p. 3.
4.
Hedley Bull , 'Hobbes and the International Anarchy. Social Research (Vol, 48, No. 4, Winter 1981), p. 738.
5.
Hedley Bull, The Twenty Years Crisis Thirty Years On International Journal (Vol. 24, No. 4, Autumn 1969 ), p. 637.
6.
Hedley Bull, The Control of the Arms Race (London: Institute for Strategic Studies, 1961).
7.
Hedley Bull, 'Society and Anarchy in International Relations', op. cit., p. 36.
8.
Ibid., p. 42.
9.
The source of Bull's thought here was Martin Wight; see Hedley Bull, 'Martin Wight and the Theory of International Relations, British Journal of International Studies (Vol. 2, No. 2, July 1976).
10.
Hedley Bull, 'The Grotian Conception of International Society' in H. Butterfield and M. Wight, op. cit
11.
The discussion of disarmament in The Control of the Arms Race , op. cit, illustrates both these aspects.
12.
See, for example, the discussion of E.B.F. Midgly's work in ' Natural Law and International Relations', British Journal of International Studies (Vol. 5, No. 2, July 1979).
13.
The source for the remarks here about definition is The Anarchical Society, op. cit., chapter 1.
14.
Ibid., p. 22.
15.
See, for example, Hedley Bull, 'International Relations as an Academic Pursuit'. Australian Outlook (Vol. 26, No. 3, December 1972), pp. 264-5; and The Anarchical Society, op.cit., p. xv.
16.
See H.L.A. Hart, The Concept of Law (Oxford: Clarendon , 1961), pp. 189-95; David Hume, A Treatise of Human Nature, ed. L.A. Selby-Biggs (Oxford: Clarendon, 1960). Book 3, Part 2; Thomas Hobbes, Leviathan, ed. C.B. Macpherson (Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1968), chapters 14 and 25; for the Stoics, see S.I. Benn and R.S. Peters, Social Principles and the Democratic State (London: Allen and Unwin, 1959). p. 27.
17.
H.L.A. Hart, op.cit, pp. 186-95.
18.
Hedley Bull, 'The Twenty Years' Crisis Thirty Years On', op. cit.
19.
Ibid., p. 629. For a discussion of relativism in relation to human rights, sec Hedley Bull, 'The Universality of Human Rights', Millennium: Journal of International Studies (Vol. 8, No. 2, Autumn 1979).
20.
See R.J. Vincent , 'Edmund Burke and the Theory of International Relations', Review of International Studies (Vol. 10, No. 2, April 1984 ).
Bull himself wrote a paper which was never published on 'Richard Cobden and International Relations'. It was, I understand, delivered at a Cumberland Lodge conference of the LSE at the time of the Suez Crisis in 1956.
23.
Letter to John Strachey, 19 December 1961. in Hedley Bull papers, Nuffield College, Oxford.
24.
Letter to Terry Schaich, 30 November 1970. in Hedley Bull papers. Nuffield College, Oxford.
25.
Hedley Bull, The Anarchical Society, op. cit, pp. 4-5.
26.
Ibid., p. 6.
27.
Ibid., p. 7. For a penetrating criticism of Bull's treatment here, see Mervyn Frost, Towards a Normative Theory of International Relations (Cambridge : Cambridge University Press, 1986 ), pp. 131-7.
28.
Hedley Bull , 'Recapturing the Just War for Political Theory ', World Politics (Vol. 31, No. 4, July 1979), p. 599.
29.
Morton Kaplan , System and Process in International Politics (New York: Wiley, 1957).
30.
Hedley Bull, The Anarchical Society, op. cit, p. 101.
31.
Ibid., pp. 101-6.
32.
Ibid., p. 187.
33.
Ibid., pp. 214-9. These ideas were first tried out in 'World Order and the Super Powers' in Carsten Holbraad (ed.), Super Powers and World Order ( Canberra: Australian National University Press, 1971).
34.
Hedley Bull, The Control of the Arms Race, op. cit, p. 39.
35.
Hedley Bull, The Anarchical Society, op. cit, chapter 5.
36.
See, for example, Robert O. Keohane, After Hegemony: Cooperation and Discord in the World Political Economy (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1994); and Robert O. Keohane (ed.), Neorealism and Its Critics (New York: Columbia University Press, 1986).
37.
Hedley Bull, The Anarchical Society, op. cit, p. 217.
38.
Ibid., p. 127.
39.
Ibid., pp. 9-10.
40.
Ibid., p. 127.
41.
Hedley Bull and Adam Watson (eds.), The expansion of International Society (Oxford: Clarendon, 1984).
42.
SeeSir Alfred Zimmern, 'International Law and Social Consciousness ', Transactions of the Grotius Society (Vol. 20, 1934), pp. 27-8.
43.
See, for example, C. Wilfred Jenks, The Common Law of Mankind ( London: Stephens and Sons, 1958).
44.
The target in much of what Bull wrote on this subject was Richard Falk. See Richard Falk, This Endangered Planet (New York: Free Press, 1969) and A Study of Future Worlds (New York: Free Press, 1975).
45.
Hedley Bull, The Anarchical Society, op. cit, pp. 315-7.
46.
The defence is much more explicit in 'The State's Positive Role in World Affairs', Daedalus (Vol. 108, No.4, Fall 1979).
47.
Hedley Bull, 'Justice in International Relations', the Hagey Lectures, University of Waterloo, 1983-4.
48.
Ibid., p. 1.
49.
Hedley Bull, The Anarchical Society, op. cit, p. 97.
50.
For Bull's own treatment of the idea of the Third World, see 'The Third World and International Society ', The Year Book of World Affairs (Vol. 33, 1979).
51.
Augustine, City of God , trans. John Healey, ed. T.V.G. Tasker (London: Dent, 1962), Book 5, chapter 17.
52.
See Richard Ashley's fascinating paper, 'The Powers of Anarchy: The Domestic Analogy and the Anarchy Problematique', presented at the British International Studies Association Conference at Aberystwyth, December 1987. Also see James Der Derian, On Diplomacy: A Genealogy of Estrangement (Oxford: Basil Blackwell, 1987) for a work taking Bull in what Bull himself regarded as an unfamiliar but provocative direction.
