Foreign Policy Co-operation and Regional Integration in the Caribbean

Lloyd Searwar , 'Joint Conduct of External Political Relations and its Effect on the Caricom Integration Process: An Initial Study', Caricom Bulletin (No. 4, 1983), pp. 29-36.

On the origins of the ECSC and EEC see Roger Morgan , West European Politics since 1945 (London: Batsford , 1972).

On the EDC see; in particular, Edward Fursdon , The European Defence Community: A History (London: Macmillan, 1980).

See Alfred Grosser , The Western Alliance: European-American Relations since 1945 ( London: Macmillan, 1980).

The evolution of EPC is traced in Philippe De Schoutheete, La Cooperation Politique Europeene (Brussels: Labor, 1980) and David Allen , Reinhardt Rummel and Wolfgang Wessels (eds.), European Political Cooperation (London: Batterworths , 1982).

This trend seems likely to be reinforced by the Luxembourg Summit of the Community in December 1985, notwithstanding Ireland's sensitivity about the implications for its own neutrality.

A.J. Payne , The Politics of the Caribbean Community, 1961-79 (Manchester : Manchester University Press, 1980 ), p. 209,

Treaty Establishing the Caribbean Community (Georgetown , Guyana: Caribbean Community Secretariat, 1973) pp. 3-4.

Ibid,-p. 15.

Ibid., Art. 34, Common Market Annex to the Treaty, pp. 60-1.

Michael Manley , 'Overcoming Insularity in Jamaica', Foreign Affairs (Vol. 49, No. 1, 1970), pp. 100-10.

From Carifta to Caribbean Community (Georgetown , Guyana: Caribbean Community Secretariat, 1973), p. 127.

Vaughan A. Lewis , 'The Commonwealth Caribbean', in Christopher Clapham (ed.). Foreign Policy Making in Developing Countries (West mead: Saxon House, 1977), p. 113.

Norman Girvan , 'The Development of Dependency Economics in the Caribbean and Latin America: Review and Comparison', Social and Economic Studies (Vol. 2, No. 1, 1973), pp. 1-33.

Fora discussion of the relationship between international relations and international political economy see Susan Strange , 'What about International Relations', in Susan Strange (ed.), Paths to International Political Economy (London: George Allen and Unwin, 1984), pp. 183-97.

See Dudley Seers , 'Development Options: the Strengths and Weaknesses of Dependency Theories in Explaining a Government's Room to Manoeuvre', Dudley Seers (ed.), Dependency Theory: A Critical Reassessment (London: Frances Pinter , 1981) pp. 135-49.

Lloyd Searwar , 'Joint Conduct of External Political relations', p. 29; see also Denis Benn, 'The Commonwealth Caribbean and the New International Economic Order ', in Anthony Payne and Paul Sutton (eds.), Dependency under Challenge: The Political Economy of the Commonwealth Caribbean (Manchester : Manchester University Press, 1984 ), pp. 259-80.

Treaty Establishing the Caribbean Community, op. cit, p. 3.

See for example William C.- Demas , The Economics of Development of Small Countries with Special Reference to the Caribbean (Montreal: McGill University Press, 1965), and Vaughan Lewis (ed.), Size, Self Determinatiorr and International Relations: The Caribbean (Kingston, Jamaica: Institute of Social and Economic Research, University of the West Indies, 1976).

Christopher Hill (ed.), National Foreign Policies and European Political Cooperation (London: George Allen and Unwin, 1984).

Ibid., especially Chapter 12.

The Caribbean Community in the 1980s: Report by a Group of Caribbean Experts (Georgetown: Caribbean Community Secretariat, 1981), p. 86.

On the general question of EPC, see David Allen , et. al. (eds.), European Political Cooperation. On the question of common embassies, see Christopher Hill and William Wallace , 'Diplomatic Trends in the European Community', International Affairs (Vol. 55, No. 1, 1979), pp. 47-66.

Since the overthrow of the People's Revolutionary Government and the reestablishment of an elected government in 1984, Grenada has been included in CBI provisions.

President Reagan, The US Caribbean Basin Initiative', speech to the Organisation of American States, 24 February 1982.

A.J. Payne , International Crisis in the Caribbean (London: Croom Helm, 1984), pp. 1-6.

Ibid, p. 145.

Ibid. pp. 144-5.

A.J. Payne , Paul Sutton and Tony Thomdike , Grenada Revolution and Invasion (London: Croom Helm, 1984), p. 97.

Press Release No. 52/1982, Third Conference of Heads of Government of the Caribbean Community, Attachment 1 The Ocho Rios Declaration (Georgetown, Guyana: Caribbean Community Secretariat, 1982).

Ibid.

Text of Broadcast by Prime Minister Tom Adams, The Daily Gleaner (Kingston, Jamaica), 28 October 1983.

Letter from Prime Minister Eugenia Charles of Dominica, Chairman-in-office of the OECS, to Prime Minister Edward Seaga of Jamaica, dated 22 October 1983, in The Daily Gleaner, 26 October 1983.

Adams broadcast, The Daily Gleaner, 28 October 1983.

Ibid.

Statement by the Honourable Prime Minister to the House of Representatives of the Parliament of Trinidad and Tobago on 26 October 1983, on the Grenada crisis ( London: Trinidad and Tobago High Commission, n.d.).

Ibid.

Ibid.

Adams broadcast, The Daily Gleaner, 28 October 1983.

Statement by Prime Minister of Trinidad and Tobago, 26 October 1983.

The proposals which formed the basis of the Caricom initiative are set out in full in the Statement by the Prime Ministerof Trinidad and Tobago, 26 October 1983, op. cit.

The Prime Minister of Grenada, Mr. Herbert Blaize , told a press conference in London that such a treaty would be signed. The Times , 22 May 1985.

Lloyd Searwar , 'Joint Conduct of External Political Relations ', p. 32.

For the 'Memorandum of Understanding' see William C.Gilmore , The Grenada Intervention: Analysis and Documentation (London: Mansell Publishing Limited, 1984), pp. 88-92.

Roy Preiswerk , 'The Relevance of Latin America to the Foreign Policy of Commonwealth Caribbean States' Journal of Inter-American Studies (Vol. 11, No. 2, 1969), pp. 245-71.

For the relationship of Commonweatth Caribbean and Latin American states in the OAS at the time of the South-Atlantic crisis, see Gordon Connell-Smith , 'The CAS and the Falklands conflict', The World Today (Vol. 38, No. 8, September 1982), pp. 340-7; for the implications of differing positions on the conflict for Commonwealth Caribbean-Latin American relations, see Anthony Bryan , 'The Caricom and Latin-American Integration Experiences: Observations on Theoretical Origins, and Comparative Performance', in Caricom Bulletin (No. 4, 1983), pp. 2-15, in particular p. 12.

Anthony Bryan , 'Commonwealth Caribbean Latin-American Relations: Emerging Patterns of Cooperation and Conflict', in Basil Ince (ed.), Contemporary International Relations of the Caribbean (Trinidad: Institute of International ReLations, University of the West Indies, 1979), pp. 56-78; and for differing Jamaican and Trinidadian views of Commonwealth Caribbean relations with Latin America in the 1970s, see Vaughan Lewis , 'Commonwealth Caribbean Relations with Hemispheric Middle Powers', in Anthony Payne and Paul Sutton , (eds.), pp. 238-58.

Anthony Maingot , 'National Sovereignty, Collective Security and the Realities of Power in the Caribbean Area', in Roy Preiswerk (ed.), Regionalism and the Commonwealth Caribbean (Trinidad: Institute of International Relations, University of the West Indies, 1969), pp. 220-45.

The Financial Times, 16 May 1985.