Propaganda is defined here as: an organised attempt to influence attitudes, beliefs and values through the media of communications.
2.
Walter Bagehot, The English Constitution, from the Introduction to the Second Edition of 1872 , p. 268.
3.
John B. Black, Organising the Propaganda Instrument: The British Experience ( Martinus Nijhoff, The Hague, 1975 ).
4.
Peter G. Boyle "The British Foreign Office view of US Soviet Relations 1945-1946" in Diplomatic History, Summer 1979, pp. 307-320.
5.
"IRD docs." Mayhew to Bevin, paper of October 17, 1947.
6.
C.P. Mayhew, interview with author.
7.
Ibid.
8.
As one of the FO officials involved with the forcible repatriation of Russians at the end of the Second World War, Christopher Warner was well qualified to speak about "police terror" and the like in the Soviet Union at that time. As Count Nikolai Tolstoy recounts in Victims of Yalta, 1977, F.O. officials were familiar with Russian methods for reports of massacres and murders at Odessa and Murmansk had been filed and commented on in Whitehall from 1944.
9.
"IRD docs." record of a meeting November 18, 1947, to discuss Mayhew's paper of October 17, 1947.
10.
C.P. Mayhew, interview with author.
11.
"IRD docs." letter Mayhew to Bevin, December 6, 1947.
12.
Ibid. memo Mayhew to Bevin, July 9, 1948.
13.
Ibid. letter Mayhew to Bevin, January 25, 1949.
14.
Ibid. memo, Mayhew to Warner, March 24, 1948.
15.
C.P. Mayhew, interview with author.
16.
"IRD docs." memo, Mayhew to Bevin, January 6, 1949, giving information on Freedom First.
17.
Ibid.
18.
C.P. Mayhew, interview with author.
19.
William Forrest , in conversation with author.
20.
False material was, of course, broadcast during the war by the British Government, but this was done by non-BBC services.
21.
Sir Hugh Greene , in conversation with author.
22.
Anatole Goldberg , in conversation with author.
23.
"IRD docs." paper, Mayhew to Bevin, December 6, 1947.
24.
"U.S. docs." telegram from U.S. Embassy, London, May 20, 1949, to Secretary of State Washington. The information contained therein was supplied by Ralph Murray, head of IRD.
25.
"IRD docs." paper, Mayhew to Bevin, December 6, 1947.
26.
Ibid. letter Mayhew to Warner, January 10, 1949.
27.
Ibid. paper Mayhew to Bevin, December 6, 1947.
28.
"U.S. docs" telegram May 20, 1949, London to Washington, op. cit.
29.
Ibid. letter from head of IRD London, to British Embassy, Singapore. Copy in U.S. archives.
30.
Ibid. telegram May 20, 1949, London to Washington. op. cit
31.
Ibid. despatch April 23, 1949, New Delhi to Washington, "Co-operation with the U.K. on anti-Communist propaganda."
32.
Ibid.
33.
"IRD docs." letter Mayhew to Bevin, October 17, 1947.
34.
Milton Shulmanarticle, Evening Standard, February 7, 1978.
35.
Letter from Evan Luard , Parliamentary Under Secretary of State, to Robin Cook MP, Labour Edinburgh Central, July 26, 1978.
36.
Publishers: Batchworth Press Ltd. London. Clarke, Doble, Brendan Ltd. of Plymouth, for Phoenix HouseLondon.
37.
Observer, January 29, 1978.
38.
C.P. Mayhew, interview with author.
39.
There is no complete publisher's list for the Background Series. The British Library is the best source for these books.
40.
Sir Robert Marett .Through the Back Door: An inside view of Britain's Overseas Information (Pergamon Press1968), pp. 179-180. White Paper, Cmd. 225, under the direction of Dr. Charles Hill.
41.
C.P. Mayhew, interview with author.
42.
Ibid.
43.
"IRD docs." memo Mayhew to Hector McNeil, October 13, 1948.
44.
C.P. Mayhew, interview with author.
45.
"IRD docs." letter Mayhew to Bevin, January 6, 1949.
46.
Sir Hugh Greene, in conversation with author.
47.
C.P. Mayhew, interview with author.
48.
Ibid. According to Mr. Mayhew, Andrew Boyle's account of Mayhew's relations with Burgess is misleading. He did not dismiss him personally, but just told Kirkpatrick to do this after he had taken a look at Burgess's work which he found unsatisfactory.
49.
Sir Robert Marett , op. cit p. 153. See also the Drogheda report: "Independent Committee on Enquiry into the Overseas Information Services," April 1954, Cmd. 9138.
50.
Written answers, House of Commons, February 1, 1978.
51.
Letter Evan Luard to Robin Cook. op. cit.
52.
C.P. Mayhew, interview with author.
53.
Dr. David Owen, in conversation with author.
54.
Description of OID in Foreign Office diplomatic list, also Civil Service list.
