This article was first presented at a seminar at the Centre for Southern African Studies, University of York. Some of the ideas were also discussed with a group at Jan Smuts House, Johannesburg. I benefited greatly from both these discussions. I am also indebted to Hedley Bull, Richard Little, Susan Strange and Michael Spicer for their valuable comments.
2.
Hedley Bull, The Anarchical Society (London: Macmillan, 1977).
3.
Ibid., p. 68.
4.
Ibid., p. 70.
5.
Ibid., p. 83.
6.
Ibid., pp. 89-90.
7.
Told to author by Mr. Douglas Mitchell.
8.
UN Year Book, 1946-47, p. 146.
9.
Cape Times, March 7, 1979.
10.
Zdenek Cervenka , The Organisation of African Unity ( London: C. Hurst & Co., 1968 ), p. 232.
11.
Quoted by Robert W. Tucker, The Inequality of Nations ( Oxford: Martin Robert-son, 1977), p. 59.
12.
John White , " The New International Order: What is It ? "International Affairs (Vol. 54, No. 4, October 1978), p. 627.
13.
Other arguments are also advanced to explain the special attention given to South Africa. One of these boils down to the view that a higher standard of behaviour should be expected from " advanced " or " developed " governments than from those which are less advanced. This seems to me to be a reverse form of racism and to have no validity.
14.
Ali Mazrui , Towards a Pax Africana ( London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 1967), p. 23.
15.
The Guardian, June 28, 1979.
16.
Hugh Tinker , Race, Conflict and the International Order (London: Macmillan, 1977), p. 132.
17.
Donald G. Baker , "U.S. Perspectives on Change in Southern Africa ," in F. McA. Clifford-Vaughan, International Pressures and Political Change in South Africa (London: Oxford University Press, 1978), p. 43.
18.
See for example Harris Poll, November 1977, and Gallup Poll , November 1978.
19.
Stanley Uys' report in The Guardian on August 11, 1976.
20.
Heinz-Dietrich Ortlieb, White Africa? (Zurich : Interfrom, 1978), p. 75.
21.
Julius Nyerere , Freedom and Socialism ( London : Oxford University Press, 1968), p. 374.
22.
Nelson Mandela , Freedom, Justice and Dignity for All in South Africa (United Nations, Centre against Apartheid, 1978), pp. 17-21.
23.
David Owen, Human Rights (Oxford: Jonathan Cape1978), pp. 92-93.
