In Britain there has recently been formed an interdisciplinary association, the British Inter-University Seminar on Armed Forces and Society. Its American counterpart has just launched a new journal devoted to social science analysis of militaries: Armed Forces and Society (Sage Publications, California).
2.
Among the best known and most influential works in this field are: Morris Janowitz, The Professional Soldier (New York, Free Press, 1960); Samuel P. Huntington, The Soldier and the State (Cambridge, Mass., Harvard University Press, 1957); S.E. Finer, The Man on Horseback: The Role of the Military in Politics (London and Dunmow, Pall Mall Press, 1962); Jacques van Doorn, ed., Military Profession and Military Régimes (The Hague and Paris, Mouton, 1969).
3.
Stockholm International PeaceResearch Institute, The Arms Trade with the Third World (Harmondsworth, Penguin Books Ltd ., 1975), p. 34.
4.
This analysis is derived from a longer paper: Cynthia H. Enloe, "Civilian Control of the Military: Implications in the Plural Societies of Guyana and Malaysia," to be published as a chapter in Claude E. Welch, ed., Military Might and Civilian Right (New York, State University of New York Press, forthcoming).
5.
Dol Ramli , "History of the Malay Regiment 1933-1942," Journal of the Malayan Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society, July 1965, pp. 204-216.
6.
The most detailed account of government policy changes during the 12 years of the Emergency is Anthony Short, The Communist Insurrection in Malaya 1948-60 (London, Frederick Muller Ltd. , 1975).
7.
I am grateful to George Klein of Western Michigan University and Adam Roberts of the London School of Economics for their expert assistance in analysing the Yugoslav military.
8.
New York Times, March 12, 1975.
9.
Correlli Barnett, Britain and Her Army 1509-1970 (Harmondsworth, Penguin Books Ltd., 1974), p. 241.
10.
For a comparative study of African militaries, including Kenya's, from an ethnic perspective refer to: Cynthia H. Enloe, " Ethnicity and the Myth of the Military in African Development," excerpts from which were published in Ufahamu, Vol. IV, No. 2, Autumn, 1972, pp. 35-56,
11.
As of 1972, Kenya had received $44 million out of the total $65 million of aid which Britain contributed to African countries. It was able, however, to keep its arms imports relatively low by relying on British air and logistical support in its military operations against Somali ethnic insurgents on the Kenyan north-eastern frontier. Stockholm International Peace Research Institute, op. cit., p. 239.
12.
If the Kikuyu-led KANU regime came to rely too heavily on its military arm it might become what the Guyanese political scientist Ralph Premdas, describing the Afro-Guyanese-led PNC regime in Guyana, has called a " militarised civilian régime." Ralph Premdas, University of Papua New Guinea, private correspondence, March 27, 1975.
13.
Roy May and Robin Cohen, "The Interaction Between Race and Colonialism: A Case Study of the Liverpool Race Riots of 1919," Race and Class, Vol. XVI, No. 2, October 1974, pp. 111-125.
14.
In the last two years, however, there has been the organisation among Druze youths in Israel of a movement to protest against the application of military conscription to Druzes partly on the grounds that such military service, especially when Druze units are frequently stationed in occupied Arab zones, does in fact create artificial barriers between Druzes and Arabs. For quotations from an open letter from Druze anti-conscription leaders, see Martin Blatt, Uri Davis and Paul Kleinbaum, To live in Freedom; Resistance to the Draft 1948-1973 (London, Ithaca Press, forthcoming 1975), Chap. 16.
