America,Europe,and the Triumph of Imperial Protectionism in Britain,1929-30

The Times, January 1, 1929; Alan Bullock , The Life and Times of Ernest Bevin, I ( London, 1960), p. 360; Robert Boothby , I Fight to Live ( London, 1947), p. 110; Sir Oswald Mosley , My Life (London, 1968), p. 185.

(London, 1927), p. 1.

Barker, p. 6.

Evans Clark , " Americanised Europe," European Finance, May 23, 1928, pp. 2-3.

As a measure of this concern, see " Selected Bibliography on the International Position of the United States," International Affairs, Vol. x,. No. 1 (January, 1931), pp. 103-109; and Vol. x, No. 2 (March, 1931), pp. 230-241.

United States Bureau of the Census , Historical Statistics of the United States, Colonial Times to 1957 ( Washington DC, 1943), p. 555 (U156, 159).

Society of Motor Manufacturers and Traders Ltd. , The Motor Industry of Great Britain, 1929 (London, 1929), pp. 110-111.

Hansard, 214 H.C.Deb. 5 s., col. 1960.

Ibid., col. 1939.

The US portfolio of foreign securities increased 17 times between 1914-1929, and over 3 times between 1919-1929. American-controlled manufacturing plants in Europe grew in number from less than 100 in 1910 to over 1.300 in 1929, most of which were acquired during the 1920s. See Cleona Lewis. America's Stake in International Investment (Washington DC, 1938), and Frank A. Southard , American Industry in Europe (New York, 1931). Also cf. Le Monde, November 10, 1973.

New Statesman, November 10, 1928, p. 146; S.K. Ratcliffe. "President Hoover and Europe," Contemporary Review, Vol. cxxxvi, No. 764 (August, 1929), p. 145; 227 H.C.Deb. 5 s., col. 3331.

Great Britain, Parliamentary Papers, II, Final Report of the Committee on Industry and Trade, Cmd. 3282, (March 1929), pp. 22-23, 16-18, 268.

Keith Middlemas and John Barnes , Baldwin, a Biography (London, 1969), pp. 532-533, 545; A.J.P. Taylor , Beaverbrook (London, 1972), pp. 267-270; L.M.S. Amery , My Political Life, III (London, 1955), p. 20.

The Times, November 22, 1929.

The Times, February 6, 1930.

The Times, March 5, 1930.

Ibid.

Chamber of Commerce Journal, May 31, 1929, p. 525.

On the pan-Europa movement and the Briand Plan, see Count Richard Coudenhove-Kalergi , An Idea Conquers the World (London, 1953), and Edouard Herriot , The United States of Europe ( London, 1930).

Commercial, July 18, 1929, p. 64; September 12, 1929, p. 283; November 28,1929, p. 635.

League of Nations , Official Journal, " Records of the Tenth Ordinary Session of the Assembly, Minutes of the Second Committee (Technical Organisations), Annex 3."

Statist, July 13, 1929, p. 51; September 14, 1929, p. 373; September 28, 1929, pp. 441-442; December 7, 1929, p. 980; Economist, July 20, 1929, pp. 107-108; September 14, 1929 , p. 468; November 2, 1929, p. 803.

United States Department of State, Foreign Relations of the United States , 1929, I, " Memorandum by the Assistant Chief of the Treaty Division (McClure)," 611.003/1511, pp. 988-993; Joseph M. Jones Jr. , Tariff Retaliation: Repercussions of the Hawley-Smoot Bill (Philadelphia, 1934), pp, 159-163.

Economist, September 21, 1929, p. 526. 25. (London, 1929).

H.L.Deb. 5 s., col. 548.

The Times, November 13, 1929.

The Times, November 15, 1929.

" The British Empire and the Pan-European Idea," International Affairs, Vol. ix, No. 1 (January 1930), pp. 1-22.

" The Twentieth-Century Economic State: With Special Reference to the British Empire," International Affairs, Vol. ix, No. 3 (May 1930), pp. 325-333.

"The Empire and Industry," Empire Review, Vol. 1, No. 343 (August 1929), pp. 91-94.

The Times, November 22,1929.

The Times, November 28, 1929.

The Times, March 14, 1930; U.K. Treasury Papers, T172/1434; U.K. Cabinet Papers, CAB 24/215; C.P. 304(3), enclosure No. I to appendix B.

The Times, February 19, 1930.

The Times, March 3, 1930.

CAB 24/215, C.P. 304(3), enclosure No. 1 to appendix B.

T172/1737.

Morning Post, October 8, 1928.

Commercial, October 10, 1929, p. 411; The Times, October 4, 1929.

The Times, December 10, 1929.

Chamber of Commerce Journal, January 10, 1930, p. 30; The Times, January 8, 1930.

The Times, February 8, 1930.

Chamber of Commerce Journal, April 4, 1930 , p. 401.

Chamber of Commerce Journal Supplement, May 30, 1930.

Chamber of Commerce Journal, June 6, 1930 , p. 674.

The two collaborated in the (Mond-Turner) Conference on Industrial Reorganisation and Industrial Relations, during the previous two years.

Trades Union Congress, Report of the Proceedings at the 61st Annual Trades Union Congress (Belfast, September 2-6, 1929), pp. 64-65.

Chamber of Commerce Journal, September 6, 1929, p. 246; The Times, September 3, 1929.

CAB 24/215, C.P. 304(30), enclosure No. 1 to appendix C.

The Times, July 5, 1930.

The Bankers' Magazine, August 1930, pp. 175-176.

Ibid., pp. 176-178.

Amery to Baldwin, letter, July 4,1930, Baldwin Papers, Vol. 31.