The investigation concerned the effect of instruction method on affective change and cognitive achievement. Two groups of sixthgrade pupils received instruction on the gamelan music of Indonesia through the performance-oriented Heuristic Method and the teacherdirected Didactic Method. The Heuristic Method of instruction was found to be more effective in increasing operant preference and achievement of fundamental concepts of Indonesian musical style. No differences were found between treatment groups in verbal preference response, frequency of off-task behaviour, or teacher approval. Correlations indicated that achievement was more closely related to operant music preference behaviour than the verbal response of preference.
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