In their own words: Analyzing the extents and origins of absolute pitch

Abstract

Although tests of absolute pitch (AP) possessors’ abilities have been studied extensively in the laboratory, few researchers have focused their study on the experiences of AP possessors engaging in musical and nonmusical activities in their daily lives. We recorded semi-structured interviews with 30 AP musicians to investigate three research questions: what is it like to experience AP, how does AP impact musicianship and performance, and how do first-hand accounts correspond with published findings on AP types and acquisition? Recorded interviews were transcribed and coded by two independent researchers; after coding, we determined themes and connections that emerged from the data. These fall into three areas: AP associations (cross-modal); AP strength (including limitations); and AP applications (to music-making). These themes are described, illustrated with quotations, and related to current research. We document the positive and negative impacts of AP on musicianship and performance. Finally, AP possessors’ accounts lead us to endorse theories of distinct AP types and to posit an important role for implicit learning (daily updating or reinforcement of AP).