Study on the effect of Al-La composite deoxidation on the modification behaviors of TiN and sulfide inclusions in 20CrMnTi gear steel

Abstract

This article uses experimental and thermodynamic calculations to study the directional modification behavior of TiN and sulfides in 20CrMnTi steel before and after the addition of rare earth La element. The morphologies (SEM) and elemental distributions (EDS) of TiN and sulfide inclusions in steel are characterized using scanning electron microscopy, and the sizes of the inclusions are statistically analyzed. With the addition of rare earth La, the average sizes of TiN and sulfide inclusions in steel decrease, and the proportions of TiN and sulfide inclusions in all inclusions of the steel decrease. The results show that the addition of La element can promote the formation of LaAlO₃ in steel, which can be used as the nucleation core of TiN and MnS inclusions in steel, and then form LaAlO₃-TiN and LaAlO₃-MnS-TiN composite inclusions, which are smaller in size and more uniform in distribution than TiN and sulfide in steel before La element is added. When La is added alone, the average size of TiN inclusion in steel is 2.2 μm. After the deoxidation of Al-La alloy, the average size of TiN inclusion in the steel is 1.9 μm. After Al-La composite deoxidation, the TiN containing inclusions in the steel will be transformed into smaller LaAlO₃-TiN composite inclusions. When adding La alone, the average size of sulfide inclusions in the steel is 2.1 μm. When Al-La composite deoxygenation is used, the average size of sulfide inclusions in steel is 1.1 μm, indicating that the Al-La composite deoxygenation has a better improvement effect on sulfide inclusions in steel than the improvement effect of adding La alone.