The Comparative Pathogenesis of Some Enteric Diseases. Based on Cases Presented at the 22nd Annual Seminar of the American College of Veterinary Pathologists
Free accessResearch articleFirst published online September, 1973
The Comparative Pathogenesis of Some Enteric Diseases. Based on Cases Presented at the 22nd Annual Seminar of the American College of Veterinary Pathologists
Basic reactions of the intestinal tract to injury are discussed using cases presented at the American College of Veterinary Pathologists' Seminar on Intestinal Pathology. Reports of the individual cases are cited in the text. Material reported during discussions is presented to preserve something of the tenor of the Seminar. First, the morphogenesis of the lesions in each case will be discussed, followed by the resultant functional changes related to clinical signs, and comparisons to other similar diseases.
References
1.
AaronsonI.BerryC. L.:
The production of mucosal ulceration in the rabbit gut by intra-arterial injection of microspheres.
J. Path. Bact.102:
178–180
(1970).
2.
AbramsG. D.BauerH.SprinzH.:
Influence of normal flora on mucosal morphology and cellular renewal in the ileum. A comparison of germ-free and conventional mice.
Lab. Invest.12:
355–364
(1963).
3.
AdamsW. R.KraftL. M.:
Electron-microscopic study of the intestinal epithelium of mice infected with the agent of epizootic diarrhea of infant mice (EDIM virus).
Amer. J. Path.51:
39–60
(1967).
4.
ArbuckleJ. B. R.:
The attachment of Clostridium welchii (Cl. perfringens) type C to intestinal villi of pigs.
J. Path. Bact.106:
65–72
(1972).
5.
BaehnerR. L.NathanD. F.KarnovskyM. L.:
Correction of metabolic deficiencies in the leukocytes of patients with chronic granulomatous disease.
J. clin. Invest.49:
865–870
(1970).
6.
BanwellJ. G.ShepherdR.ThomasJ.PierceN. F.MitraR. C.GorbachS. L.BrighamK. L.FedsonD. S.MondalA.:
Net and unidirectional transmucosal flux of sodium and water in acute human diarrheal disease.
J. Lab. clin. Med.80:
686–697
(1972).
7.
BarnesD. M.MoonH. W.:
Enterotoxemia in pigs due to Clostridium perfringens type C.
J. amer. vet. med. Ass.144:
1391–1394
(1964).
BergelandM. E.:
Pathogenesis and immunity of Clostridium perfringens type C enteritis in swine.
J. amer. vet. med. Ass.160:
568–571
(1972).
10.
BergelandM. E.:
Clostridium perfringens type C enteritis in piglets.
Vet. Path.9;
80–81
(1972).
11.
Biagi-F.F.Beltran-H.F.:
The challenge of amoebiasis: understanding pathogenetic mechanisms.
Int. Rev. trop. Med.3:
219–239
(1969).
12.
BertschingerH. U.MoonH. W.WhippS. C.:
Association of Escherichia coli with the small intestinal epithelium. I. Comparison of enteropathogenic and non-enteropathogenic porcine strains in pigs.
Infect. Immun.5:
595–605
(1972).
13.
BiggersD. C.KraftL. M.SprinzH.:
Lethal intestinal virus infection of mice (LIVIM). An important new model for the study of the response of the intestinal mucosa to injury.
Amer. J. Path.45:
413–422
(1964).
14.
BiswalG.MorrillC. C.DorstewitzE. L.:
Glands in the submucosa of the porcine colon.
Cornell Vet.44:
93–102
(1954).
15.
BleibergH.MainguetP.GalandP.ChretienJ.du Pont-MairesseN.:
Cell renewal in the human rectum. In vitro autoradiographic study on active ulcerative colitis.
Gastroenterology58:
851–855
(1970).
16.
BondV. P.:
Effects of radiation on intestinal absorption.
Amer. J. clin. Nutr.12:
194–204
(1963).
17.
BootheA. D.ChevilleN. F.:
The pathology of proliferative ileitis of the golden syrian hamster.
Path. vet.4:
31–44
(1967).
18.
CalhounM. L.:
Microscopic anatomy of the digestive system of the chicken,
p. 65
(Iowa State Univ. Press,
Ames1954).
19.
CameronG. R.KhannaS. D.:
Regeneration of the intestinal villi after extensive mucosal infarction.
J. Path. Bact.77:
505–510
(1959).
20.
CarpenterC. C. J.:
Cholera and other enterotoxin-related diarrheal diseases.
J. infect. Dis.126:
551–564
(1972).
21.
CarterD.EinheberA.BauerH.RosenH.BurnsW. F.:
The role of the microbial flora in uremia. II. Uremic colitis, cardiovascular lesions, and biochemical observations.
J. exp. Med.123:
251–266
(1966).
22.
ChangW. W. L.Le BlondC. P.:
Renewal of the epithelium in the descending colon of the mouse. I. Presence of three cell populations: vacuolated-columnar, mucous and argentaffin.
Amer. J. Anat.131:
73–100
(1971).
23.
ChristopherN. L.BaylessT. M.:
Role of the small bowel and colon in lactose-induced diarrhea.
Gastroenterology60:
845–852
(1971).
24.
CockrellB. Y.KrehbielJ. D.:
Ultrastructural changes in histiocytic ulcerative colitis in a Boxer.
Amer. J. vet. Res.33:
453–459
(1972).
25.
CorneliusL. M.HooperB. E.HaeltermanE. O.:
Changes in fluid and electrolyte balance in baby pigs with transmissible gastroenteritis.
Amer. J. vet. clin. Path.2:
105–113
(1968).
FarrarW. E.KentT. H.:
Enteritis and coliform bacteremia in guinea pigs given penicillin.
Amer. J. Path.47:
629–642
(1965).
39.
FerneliusA. L.RitchieA. E.ClassickL. G.NormanJ. O.MebusC. A.:
Cell culture adaptation and propagation of a reovirus-like agent of calf diarrhea from a field outbreak in Nebraska.
Arch. ges. Virusforsch.37:
114–130
(1972).
40.
FordtranJ. S.IngelfingerF. J.:
Absorption of water, electrolytes, and sugars from the human gut; in
Code Handbook of physiology. Alimentary canal,
vol. 3,
intestinal absorption,
pp. 1457–1490
(Amer. Physiol. Soc.,
Washington1968).
41.
FormalS. B.du PontH. L.HornickR.SnyderM. J.LibonatiJ.La BrecE. H.:
Experimental models in the investigation of the virulence of dysentery bacilli and Escherichia coli..
Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci.176:
190–196
(1971).
42.
FreterR.:
Studies on the mechanism of action of intestinal antibody in experimental cholera.
Texas Rep. Biol. Med.27: suppl. 1,
pp. 299–316
(1969).
43.
GaljaardH.Van der Meer-FieggenW.GiesenJ.:
Feedback control by functional villus cells on cell proliferation and maturation in intestinal epithelium.
Exp. Cell Res.73:
197–207
(1972).
44.
GarnerF. M.:
Gastric amebiasis in a snake.
Case presented 22nd Annu. Seminar Amer. Coll. Vet. Pathol., Denver1971.
45.
GemskiP.TakeuchiA.WashingtonO.FormalS. B.:
Shigellosis due to Shigella dysenteriae. I. Relative importance of mucosal invasion versus toxin production in pathogenesis.
J. infect. Dis.126:
523–530
(1972).
46.
GersonC. D.KentT. H.SahaJ. R.SiddiqiN.:
Recovery of small-intestinal structure and function after residence in the tropics. II. Studies in Indians and Pakistanis living in New York City.
Ann. intern. Med.75:
41–48
(1971).
47.
GilatT.SpiroH. M.:
Amyloidosis and the gut.
Amer. J. digest. Dis.13:
619–633
(1968).
48.
GlockR. D.HarrisD. L.:
Swine dysentery. II. Characterization of lesions in pigs inoculated with Treponema hyodysenteriae in pure and mixed culture.
Vet. med. small Anim. Clin.67:
65–68
(1972).
49.
GreyR. D.:
Epithelial cell migration in the intestine of the young mouse.
Develop. Biol.18:
501–514
(1968).
GribbleD. H.:
Granulomatous enteritis and intestinal amyloidosis in nonhuman primates.
Path. Vet.9:
81–82
(1972).
52.
GrollA.ValbergL. S.SimonJ. B.EidingerD.WilsonB.ForsdykeD. R.:
Immunological defect in Whipple's disease.
Gastroenterology63:
943-950
(1972).
53.
HalbhuberK. J.StibenzH. J.HalbhuberW.:
Autoradiographische Untersuchungen über die Verteilung einiger Metallisotope im Darm von Laboratoriumstieren. Ein Beitrag zur Ausscheidungsfunktion der Panethschen Körnerzellen.
Acta histochem.35:
307–319
(1970).
54.
HarrisD. L.GlockR. D.ChristensenC. R.KinyonJ. M.:
Swine dysentery. I. Inoculation of pigs with Treponema hyodysenteriae (new species) and reproduction of the disease.
Vet. med. small Anim. Clin.67:
61–64
(1972).
HoghP.:
Necrotizing infectious enteritis in piglets, caused by Clostridium perfringens type C. III. Pathological changes.
Acta vet. scand.10:
57–83
(1969).
59.
HooperB. E.HaeltermanE. O.:
Concepts of pathogenesis and passive immunity in transmissible gastroenteritis of swine.
J. amer. vet. med. Ass.149:
1580–1586
(1966).
60.
HooperB. E.HaeltermanE. O.:
Lesions of the gastrointestinal tract of pigs infected with transmissible gastroenteritis.
Canad. J. comp. Med.33:
29–36
(1969).
JortnerB. S.HelmboldtC. F.PirozokR. P.:
Small intestinal histopathology of spontaneous capillariasis in the domestic fowl.
Avian Dis.11:
154–169
(1967).
69.
JubbK. V. F.KennedyP. C.:
Pathology of domestic animals;
2nd ed.,
vol. 2,
fig. 1.7C,
p. 21
(Academic Press,
New York1970).
KentT. H.FormalS. B.La BrecE. H.SprinzH.MaenzaR. M.:
Gastric shigellosis in rhesus monkeys.
Amer. J. Path.51:
259–267
(1967).
79.
KentT. H.LaytonJ. M.CliftonJ. A.SchedlH. P.:
Whipple's disease: light and electron microscopic studies combined with clinical studies suggesting an infective nature.
Lab. Invest.12:
1163–1178
(1963).
80.
KentT. H.LindenbaumJ.:
Correlation of jejunal function and morphology in patients with acute and chronic diarrhea in East Pakistan.
Gastroenterology52:
972–984
(1967).
81.
KentT. H.OsborneJ. W.WendeC. M.:
Intestinal flora in whole body and intestinal X-irradiated rats.
Radiat. Res.35:
635–651
(1968).
82.
KoldovskyO.SunshineP.KretchmerN.:
Cellular migration of intestinal epithelium in suckling and weaned rats.
Nature, Lond.212:
1389–1390
(1966).
83.
LangheinrichK. A.NielsenS. W.:
Histopathology of feline panleukopenia: a report of 65 cases.
J. amer. vet. med. Ass.158:
863–872
(1971).
84.
LindenbaumJ.GersonC. D.KentT. H.:
Recovery of small-intestinal structure and function after residence in the tropics. I. Studies in Peace Corps volunteers.
Ann. intern. Med.74:
218–222
(1971).
85.
LoehryC. A.CroftD. N.SinghA. K.CreamerB.:
Cell turnover in the rat small intestinal mucosa: an appraisal of cell loss. II. Cell loss in rats with an abnormal mucosa.
Gut10:
13–18
(1969).
86.
MatsuzawaT.WilsonR.:
The intestinal mucosa of germfree mice after whole-body X-irradiation with 3 kiloroentgens.
Radiat. Res.25:
15–24
(1965).
87.
MaurerF. D.JonesT. C.EasterdayB.de TrayD.:
The pathology of rinderpest.
Proc. 92nd Annu. Meet. Amer. Vet. Med. Ass.,
1955,
pp. 201–211.
88.
MebusC. A.StairE. L.UnderdahlN. R.TwiehausM. J.:
Pathology of neonatal calf diarrhea induced by a reo-like virus.
Vet. Path.8:
490–505
(1971).
89.
MeeuwisseG. W.DahlqvistA.:
Glucose-galactose malabsorption. A study with biopsy of the small intestinal mucosa.
Acta pediat. scand.57:
273–280
(1968).
90.
MerkalR. S.KopeckyK. E.LarsenA. B.:
Immunologic mechanisms in bovine paratuberculosis.
Amer. J. vet. Res.31:
475–485
(1970).
91.
MeylingA.:
Demonstration of VD-virus by the fluorescent antibody technique in tissues of cattle affected with bovine viral diarrhea (mucosal disease).
Acta vet. scand.11:
59–72
(1970).
92.
MillsJ. H. L.LuginbuhlR. E.NielsenS. W.:
Transmission of bovine mucosal disease using virus recovered from urine.
Res. vet. Sci.9:
500–505
(1968).
93.
MillsJ. H. L.:
Feline panleukopenia.
Vet. Path.9:
86
(1972).
94.
MoonH. W.:
Epithelial cell migration in the alimentary mucosa of the suckling pig.
Proc. Soc. exp. Biol. Med.137:
151–154
(1971).
95.
MoonH. W.DillmanR. C.:
Comments on clostridia and enteric disease in swine.
J. amer. vet. med. Ass.160:
572–573
(1972).
96.
MoonH. W.KohlerE. M.WhippS. C.:
Vacuolation: a function of cell age in porcine ileal absorptive cells.
Lab. Invest.28:
23–28
(1973).
97.
MoonH. W.NormanJ. O.LambertG.:
Age-dependent resistance to transmissible gastroenteritis of swine (TGE). I. Clinical signs and some mucosal dimensions in small intestine.
Canad. J. comp. Med.37:
157–166
(1973).
98.
MoonH. W.SkartvedtS. M.:
Epithelial cell migration in the small intestine of chickens and sheep at various ages(unpubl. observations).
99.
MouwenJ. M. V. M.:
White scours in piglets. I. Stereomicroscopy of the mucosa of the small intestine.
Vet. Path.8:
364–380
(1971).
100.
NiloL.:
Mechanisms of action of the enteropathogenic factor of Clostridium perfringens type A.
Infect. Immun.3:
100–106
(1971).
101.
NormanJ. O.LambertG.MoonH. W.StarkS. L.:
Age-dependent resistance to transmissible gastroenteritis of swine. II. Comparison of coronavirus titer in small intestine after exposure at different ages.
Canad. J. comp. Med.37:
167–170
(1973).
OlanderH. J.:
A typical case of swine dysentery.
Vet. Path.9:
79–80
(1972).
104.
PancieraR. J.ThomassenR. W.GarnerF. M.:
Cryptosporidial infection in a calf.
Vet. Path.8:
479–484
(1971).
105.
PattersonD. S.AllenW. M.LloydM. K.:
Clinical Johne's disease as a protein losing enteropathy.
Vet. Rec.81:
717–718
(1967).
106.
PensaertM.HaeltermanE. O.BurnsteinT.:
Transmissible gastroenteritis of swine: virus-intestinal cell interactions. I. Immunofluorescence, histopathology and virus production in the small intestine through the course of infection.
Arch. ges. Virusforsch.31:
321–334
(1970).
107.
PhillipsB. P.GorsteinF.:
Effects of different species of bacteria on the pathology of enteric amebiasis in monocontaminated guinea pigs.
J. trop. med. Hyg.15:
863–868
(1966).
PoutD. D.:
Villous atrophy and coccidiosis.
Nature, Lond.213:
306–307
(1967).
110.
PoutD. D.:
The mucosal surface patterns of the small intestine of grazing lambs.
Brit. vet. J.126:
357–363
(1970).
111.
PowellD. W.MalawerS. J.PlotkinG. R.:
Secretion of electrolytes and water by the guinea pig small intestine in vivo..
Amer. J. Physiol.215:
1226–1233
(1968).
112.
PowellD. W.PlotkinG. R.SallbergL. I.CatlinD. H.MaenzaR. M.FormalS. B.:
Experimental diarrhea. II. Glucose stimulated sodium and water transport in rat salmonella enterocolitis.
Gastroenterology60:
1065–1075
(1971).
113.
PrasadK. N.KollmorgenG. M.KentT. H.OsborneJ. W.:
Protective effect of β-mercaptoethylamine and mesenteric clamping on intestine-irradiated rats.
Radiat. Biol.6:
257–269
(1963).
114.
QuastlerH.:
The nature of intestinal radiation death.
Radiat. Res.4:
303–320
(1956).
115.
QuastlerH.:
Effects of irradiation on intestinal mucosal cell population.
Fed. Proc.22:
1330–1333
(1963).
116.
RamseyF. K.:
Pathology of a mucosal disease of cattle,
pp. 1–32
(Iowa State College,
Ames1956).
117.
RohovskyM. W.GriesemerR. A.:
Experimental feline infectious enteritis in the germfree cat.
Path. Vet.4:
391–410
(1967).
118.
RohovskyM. W.FowlerE. H.:
Lesions of experimental feline panleukopenia.
J. amer. vet. med. Ass.158:
872–875
(1971).
RudeT. A.:
Intestinal coccidiosis of chickens.
Vet. Path.9:
79
(1972).
121.
RussellS. W.GomezJ. A.TrowbridgeJ. O.:
Canine histiocytic ulcerative colitis. The early lesion and its progression to ulceration.
Lab. Invest.25:
509–515
(1971).
SchofieldG. C.:
Columnar cells with secretory granules in the large intestine of the macaque (Cynamolgus irus)..
J. Anat.106:
1–14
(1970).
124.
SummersR. W.KentT. H.OsborneJ. W.:
Effects of drugs, ileal obstruction, and irradiation on rat gastrointestinal propulsion.
Gastroenterology59:
731–739
(1970).
125.
TaylorD. J.BlakemoreW. F.:
Spirochaetal invasion of the colonic epithelium in swine dysentery.
Res. vet. Sci.12:
177–179
(1971).
126.
ThakeD. C.:
Jejunal epithelium in transmissible gastroenteritis of swine.
Amer. J. Path.53:
149–168
(1968).
ThrasherJ. D.:
Comparison of the cell cycle and cell migration in the intestinal epithelium of suckling and adult mice.
Experientia23:
1050–1051
(1967).
133.
TryphonasL.NielsenN. O.:
The pathology of arylmercurial poisoning in swine.
Canad. J. comp. Med.34:
181–190
(1970).
134.
TryphonasL.NielsenN. O.:
Arylmercurial poisoning in pigs.
Vet. Path.9:
82–83
(1972).
135.
TurnbergL. A.:
Electrolyte absorption from the colon.
Gut11:
1049–1054
(1970).
136.
TurnbergL. A.BieberdorfF. A.MorawskiS. G.FordtranJ. S.:
Interrelationships of chloride, bicarbonate, sodium, and hydrogen transport in the human ileum.
J. clin. Invest.49:
557–567
(1970).
Van DreumelA. A.:
Enteric colibacillosis in nursing piglets.
Vet. Path.9:
86–87
(1972).
139.
Van KruiningenH. J.MontaliR. J.StrandbergJ. D.KirkR. W.:
A granulomatous colitis of dogs with histologic resemblance to Whipple's disease.
Path. vet.2:
521–544
(1965).
140.
Van KruiningenH. J.:
Granulomatous colitis of Boxer dogs. Comparative aspects.
Gastroenterology53:
114–122
(1967).
