Twenty-six neoplasms of the adenohypophysis were classified either as chromophobe adenomas (20 dogs) or adenomas of the pars intermedia (6 dogs). In 62% of the dogs the neoplasms were functionally active (14 chromophobe adenomas, 2 adenomas of the pars intermedia) and associated with a syndrome of hyperadrenocorticism (Cushing's-like disease). The adrenal cortical hypertrophy and hyperplasia, muscular weakness and wasting, leukocytosis with a neutrophilia, eosinopenia and lymphopenia, deposition of fat in the liver, increased serum corticosteroid, and increased urinary 17-hydroxycorticosteroids all suggested the neoplasms were producing ACTH. Mineralization of the lungs and other tissues was consistently present in dogs with functional neoplasms.
Adenomas of the pars intermedia appeared to arise from the lining epithelium of the residual hypophysial lumen covering the infundibular process. They were sharply demarcated from the compressed pars distalis.
References
1.
BelmonteV.:
Un caso de adenoma de la hipofisis en el perro.Rev. Hig. Sanidad Pec.24:
773–778(1934)
BrouwersJ.TsiroyannisE.:
A propos d'un cas d'adénome hypophysaire à cellules chromophobes chez le chien.Ann. Méd. vét.101:
197–209(1957)
6.
CapenC. C.MartinS. L.KoestnerA.:
The ultrastructure and histopathology of an acidophil adenoma of the canine adenohypophysis.Path. vet.4:
348–365(1967)
7.
ClarksonT. B.NetskyM. G.de la TorreE.:
Chromophobe adenoma in a dog: angiographic and anatomic study.J. Neuropath. exp. Neurol.18:
559–562(1959)
8.
CoffinD. L.MunsonT. O.:
Endocrine diseases of the dog associated with hair loss.J. amer. vet. med. Ass.123:
402–408(1953)
9.
CrossmanG.:
A modification of Mallory's connective tissue stain with a discussion of the principles involved.Anat. Rec.69:
33–37(1937)
10.
DaiimeE.SchieferB.:
Intracranielle Geschwülste bei Tieren.Zbl. Vet.7:
341–363(1960)
11.
DämmrichK.:
Ein polymorphzelliges basophiles Adenom der Hypophyse beim Hund.Berl. Münch. tierärztl. Wschr.24:
109–113(1959)
12.
DienerR.LanghamR.:
Cushing's disease in the canine.Small Anim. Clin.1:
274–278(1961)
13.
EngelF. L.KahanaL.:
Cushing's syndrome with malignant corticotrophin-producing tumor.Amer. J. Med.34:
726–734(1963)
14.
ForshamP. H.:
The adrenal gland.Clin. Symposia15:
3–21(1963)
15.
FriesenH.AstwoodE. B.:
Hormones of the anterior pituitary body.New Engl. J. Med.272:
1216–1335(1965)
16.
GoldN. I.:
Partial characterization of the metabolites of cortisol-4-C14 in the dog. I. The intact dog.J. biol. Chem.236:
1924–1928(1961)
17.
GroethuysenU. C.ClarkE. Cl.RandallR. V.DodgeH. W.:
The neurogenic basis of diabetes insipidus, a review.Proc. Mayo Clin.32:
90–97(1957)
18.
HareT.:
Chromophobe cell adenoma of the pituitary gland associated with dystrophia adiposogenitalis in a maiden bitch.Proc. roy Soc. Med.25:
1493–1495(1935)
19.
HottendorfG. H.NielsenS. W.LiebermanL. L.:
Acidophil adenoma of the pituitary gland and other neoplasms in a boxer.J. amer. vet. med. Ass.148:
1046–1050(1966)
20.
IngramW. R.:
The anatomy and functional relations of the hypothalamus. In:
The Ciba Collection of Medical Illustrations,
Vol. I,
p. 147–166.
Ed. by NetterF. H.
(C. I. B. A.,
Summit, N. J.1957)
21.
JacksonR.:
Case history, canine Cushing disease.Rocky mt. vet.8:
12(1960)
22.
JubbK. V. F.KennedyP. C.:
Pathology of Domestic Animals,
Vol. I
(Academic Press,
New York1963)
23.
KingJ. M.KavanaughJ. F.Bentinck-SmithJ.:
Diabetes mellitus with pituitary neoplasms in a horse and a dog.Cornell Vet.52:
133–145(1962)
24.
KurosumiK.KobayashiY.:
Corticotrophs in the anterior pituitary glands of normal and adrenalectomized rats as revealed by electron microscopy.Endocrinology78:
745–758(1966)
25.
LernerA. B.McGuireJ. S.:
Melanocyte-stimulating hormone and adrenocorticotrophic hormone.New Engl. J. Med.270:
539–546(1964)
26.
LesbouyriesG.DrieuxH.ChartonA.MacharkaK.:
Adénome chromophobe de l'hypophyse et syndrome pluriglandularie chez un chien.Bull. Acad. vét. Fr.15:
298–316(1942)
27.
LoebW. F.CapenC. C.JohnsonL. E.:
Adenomas of the pars intermedia associated with hyperglycemia and glycosuria in two horses.Cornell Vet.56:
623–639(1966)
28.
LuckschF.:
Über Hypophysentumoren beim Hunde.Tierärztl. Arch.3:
1–16(1923)
29.
MarksL. J.:
Carcinoma of the lung and Cushing's syndrome.Geriatrics19:
881–886(1964)
30.
McGrathJ. T.:
Neurologic Examination of the Dog,
2nd ed.
(Lea and Febiger,
Philadelphia1960)
31.
MolinaryP.MandelliG.:
Osservazioni cliniche ed anatomo-pathologiche su due cani portatori di tumore ipofisario.Clin. Vet.85:
329–344(1962)
32.
MulliganR. M.:
Neoplasms of the Dog.
(Williams and Wilkins,
Baltimore1949)
33.
NelsonD. H.MeakinJ. W.DealyJ. B.MatsonD. D.EmersonK.ThornG. W.:
ACTH-producing tumor of the pituitary gland.New Engl. J. Med.259:
161–164(1958)
34.
NeumanW. F.NeumanM. W.:
The Chemical Dynamics of Bone Mineral.
(University of Chicago Press,
Chicago1958)
35.
PalmerA. C.:
Clinical and pathological features of some tumours of the central nervous system in dogs.Res. Vet. Sci.1:
36–46(1960)
36.
PearseA. G. E.:
Histochemistry. Theoretical and Applied,
2nd ed.
(Little, Brown, and Co.,
Boston1961)
37.
PerlmanR. M.:
Parathyropituitary dysfunction and primary hyperparathyroidism.Arch. Path.38:
20–27(1944)
38.
ReichE.LehningerA. L.:
Conversion of cholesterol to corticosteroids in adrenal homogenates.Biochim. biophys. Acta17:
136–140(1955)
39.
RussellD.:
Histological Technique for Intracranial Tumours.
(Oxford University Press,
London1939)
SaundersL. Z.RickardC. G.:
Craniopharyngioma in a dog with apparent adiposogenital syndrome and diabetes insipidus.Cornell Vet.42:
490–494(1952)
42.
SaundersL. Z.StephensonH. C.McEnteeK.:
Diabetes insipidus and adiposogenital syndrome in a dog due to an infundibuloma.Cornell Vet.41:
445–458(1951)
43.
ScarpelliD.:
Experimental nephrocalcinosis. A biochemical and morphologic study.Lab. Invest.14:
123–141(1965)
44.
SchelinU.:
Chromophobe and acidophil adenomas of the human pituitary gland. A light and electron microscopic study.Acta path. microbiol. scand.54:
Suppl. 159(1962)
SiegelE. T.:
Determination of 17-hydroxycorticosteroids in canine urine.Amer. J. vet. Res.26:
1152–1156(1965)
47.
SipersteinE. R.:
Identification of the adrenocorticotropin-producing cells in the rat hypophysis by autoradiography.J. cell Biol.17:
521–546(1963)
48.
SipersteinE. R.AllisonV. F.:
Fine structure of the cells responsible for secretion of adrenocorticotrophin in the adrenalectomized rat.Endocrinology76:
70–79(1965)
49.
SpaarF. W.WilleH.:
Zur vergleichenden Pathologie der Hypophysenadenome der Tiere.Zbl. Vet. Med.6:
925–944(1959)
50.
StreettC. S.HerreroB. A.:
Diabetes mellitus, cirrhosis, duodenal ulcer, and neoplasms in a dog.J. amer. vet. med. Ass.148:
1382–1386(1966)
51.
StünziH.PerlsteinZ.:
Über Hirngeschwülste bei Hund und Katze.Schweiz. Arch. Tierheilk.100:
139(1958)
52.
TrappA. L.RamseyF. K.WhitemanC. E.BakerD. L.SlossM. W.:
A case report of Cushing's syndrome in the dog.Iowa State Coll. Vet.20:
16–18(1958)
53.
VerwerM. A. J.:
Het klinische beeld van honden, lijdende aan intracraniële tumor.T. Diergeneesk.20:
1165–1174(1959)
54.
WhiteE. G.:
A suprasellar tumor in a dog.J. Path. Bact.47:
323–326(1938)
55.
WilliamsR. H.:
Textbook of Endocrinology,
3rd ed.
(W. B. Saunders,
Philadelphia1962)
