Frozen samples from 78 high grade astrocytomas were reacted with a monoclonal antibody directed against HLA-Dr invariant chain. Survival data was obtained for all 78 cases. HLA-Dr was expressed by a proportion of tumor cells in 65/78 (83 %). Comparison of the survival of positive and negative cases showed that the difference was not statistically significant (p = 0.4). The relevance of the finding is discussed in the context of the immunoreaction to brain tumors.
Get full access to this article
View all access options for this article.
References
1.
AmeglioF., TosiR., DoleiA.: Regulation of expression. Modulation of class II antigens by interferons. In: HLA class II antigens. A comprehensive review of structure and function.SolheimB.G., MollerE., FerroneS. (Eds.), pp. 299–310. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1986.
2.
BachF.H., OhtaN., AnichiniA., ReinsmoenN.L.: Cellular detection of HLA class II-encoded determinants: subtype polymorphism of HLA-D. In: HLA class II antigens. A comprehensive review of structure and function, SolheimB.G., MollerE., FerroneS. (Eds.), pp. 249–264. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1986.
3.
BachF.H., SachsD.H.: Current concepts: transplantation immunology.N.E.J.M., 317: 489–492, 1987.
4.
BalkwillF.R.: Cytokines in cancer therapy.Oxford University Press, Oxford, 1989.
5.
BrooksH.W., NetskyM.G., NormansellD.E., HorwitzD.: Depressed cell mediated immunity in patients with primary intracranial tumors.Characterization of a humoral immunosuppressive factor. J. Exp. Med., 136: 1631–1647, 1972.
6.
CarrelS., de TriboletN., GrossN.: Expression of HLA-Dr and common acute lymphoblastic leukemia antigens on glioma cells.Eur. J. Immunol., 12: 354–357, 1982.
7.
CarrelS., MachJ.P., FerremiP., JiuffreL., AccollaR.S.: Expression of class II antigen on non hematopoietic tumor cells. In: HLA class II antigens. A comprehensive review of structure and function, SolheimB.G., MollerE., FerroneS. (Eds.), pp. 412–427. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1986.
8.
CsibaA., WhitwellH.L., MooreM.: Distribution of histocompatibility and leucocyte differentiation antigens in normal human colon and in benign and malignant colonic neoplasms.Br. J. Cancer, 50: 699–709, 1984.
9.
DoyleC., StromingerJ.L.: Interaction between CD4 and class II MHC molecules mediate cell adhesion.Nature, 330: 256–258, 1987.
10.
FestensteinH., FainboimL., JaraquemadaD., NavarreteC.: Changing antigenic profiles of HLA class II antigens on activated T cells and their biological effects. In: HLA class II antigens. A comprehensive review of structure and function.SolheimB.G., MollerE., FerroneS. (Eds.), pp. 314–338. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1986.
11.
FontanaA., FierzW., WekerleH.: Astrocytes present myelin basic protein to encephalitogenic T cell lines.Nature, 307: 273–276, 1984A.
12.
FontanaA., HengartnerH., de TriboletN., WeberE.: Glioblastoma cells release Interleukin 1 and factors inhibiting interleukin 2-mediated effects.J. Immunol., 132: 1837–1844, 1984B.
13.
GatelyM.K., GlaserM., McCarronR.M.M., DickS.J., DickM.D., MettetalR.W.Jr., KornblithP.L.: Mechanisms by which human gliomas may escape cellular immune attack.Acta Neurochir., 64: 175–197, 1982.
14.
GayD., MaddonP., SekalyR., TalleM.A., GodfreyM., LongE., GoldsteinG., ChessL., AxelR., KapplerJ., MarrackP.: Functional interaction between human T-cell protein CD4 and the MHC HLA-Dr antigen.Nature, 328: 626–627, 1987.
15.
GorelikE.: MHC antigen expression and metastatic properties of tumor cells. In: HLA class II antigens. A comprehensive review of structure and function.SolheimB.G., MollerE., FerroneS. (Eds.), pp. 35–55. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1986.
16.
GottlingerH.G., RieberP., GokelJ.M., LoheK., RiethmullerG.: Infiltrating mononuclear cells in human breast carcinoma: predominance of T4+ monocytic cells in the tumor stroma.Int. J. Cancer, 35: 199–205, 1985.
17.
HofmanF.M., Von HanwerR.I., DinarelloC.A., MizelS.B., HintonD., MerrillJ.: Immunoregulatory molecules and interleukin-2 receptor identified in multiple sclerosis brain.J. Immunol., 136: 3239–3245, 1986.
18.
KernohanJ.W., MabonR.F., SteinJ.H., AdsonA.W.: A simplified classification of the gliomas.Proc. Staff. Meet. Mayo. Clin., 24: 71–75, 1949.
19.
KlareskogL., ForsumU.: Tissue distribution of class II transplantation antigens: presence on normal cells. In: HLA class II antigens. A comprehensive review of structure and function.SolheimB.G., MollerE., FerroneS. (Eds.), pp. 339–350. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1986.
20.
LampsonL.A., HickeyW.F.: Monoclonal antibody analysis of MHC expression in human brain biopsies: tissue ranging from histologically normal to that showing different levels of glial tumor involvement.J. Immunol., 136: 4054–4062, 1986.
21.
LeeE., DesuM.: A computer program for comparing k samples with right-censored data.Computer Programs in Biomedicine, 2: 315–321, 1972.
22.
MahaleyM.S., BrooksW.H., RoszmanT.L., BignerD.D., DudkaL., RichardsonS.: Immunobiology of primary intracranial tumors.Part 1: Studies of the cellular and humoral general immune competence of brain-tumor patients. J. Neurosurg., 46: 467–476, 1977.
23.
PoberJ.S., CollinsT., GimbroneM.A., CotramR., GitlinJ.D., FiersW., ClaybergerC., KrenskyA.M., BurakoffS.J., ReissC.S.: Lymphocytes recognize human vascular endothelial and dermal fibroblast Ia antigens induced by recombinant interferon.Nature, 305: 726–729, 1983.
24.
QvigstadE., BruserudO., ThorsbyE.: Biological Implications. The role of human class II molecules in activation of T4 lymphocytes. In: HLA class II antigens. A comprehensive review of structure and function.SolheimB.G., MollerE., FerroneS. (Eds.), pp. 473–487. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1986.
25.
RossiM.L., HughesJ.T., EsiriM.M., CoakhamH.B., BrownellD.B.: Immunohistological study of mononuclear cell infiltrate in malignant gliomas.Acta Neuropathol. (Berl.), 74: 269–277, 1987.
26.
RossiM.L., Cruz-SanchezF.F., HughesJ.T., EsiriM.M., CoakhamH.B., MossT.H.: Mononuclear cell infiltrate and HLA-Dr expression in low grade astrocytomas: and immunohistological study of 23 cases.Acta Neuropathol. (Berl.), 76: 281–286, 1988A.
27.
RossiM.L., Cruz-SanchezF.F., HughesJ.T., EsiriM.M., CoakhamH.B.: An immunocytochemical study of the cellular immune response in meningiomas.J. Clin. Pathol., 41: 314–319, 1988B.
28.
RossiM.L., Cruz-SanchezF.F., HughesJ.T., EsiriM.M., CoakhamH.B., MossT.H.: Immunohistological study of the mononuclear cell infiltrate in CNS tumors: a review of 103 cases.Archivos de Neurobiologia, 1: 40, 1988C.
29.
RossiM.L., Cruz-SanchezF.F., HughesJ.T., EsiriM.M., CoakhamH.B., MossT.H.: Lymphocyte and macrophage infiltrates and HLA-Dr expression in high and low grade astrocytomas and oligodendrogliomas.Zentralbl. allg. Pathol. pathol. Anat., 135: 98 Abs, 1989A.
30.
RossiM.L., JonesN.R., CandyE., NicoliJ.A.R., ComptonJ.S., HughesJ.T., EsiriM.M., MossT.H., Cruz-SanchezF.F., CoakhamH.B.: The mononuclear cell infiltrate compared with survival in high grade astrocytomas.Acta Neuropathol. (Berl.), 78: 189–193, 1989B.
31.
SaitoT., TanakaR., YoshidaS., WashiyamaM., KumanishiT.: Immunohistochemical analysis of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes and MHC antigens in human gliomas and metastatic brain tumors.Surg. Neurol., 29: 435–442, 1988.
32.
ShawA.R.E., ChanJ.K.W., ReidS., SeehaferJ.: HLA-Dr synthesis induction and expression in HLA-Dr-negative carcinoma cell lines of diverse origins by interferon Y but not by interferon beta.J.N.C.I., 74: 1261–1267, 1985.
33.
SobelR.A., AmesM.B.: Major histocompatibility complex molecule expression in the human central nervous system: immunohistochemical analysis of 40 patients.J. Neuropathol. Exp. Neurol., 47: 19–28, 1988.
34.
ThomasD.G.T.: Impaired cell mediated immunity in human brain tumors.Lancet, 1389–1390, 1975.
35.
TraugottU., RaineC.S.: Multiple sclerosis.Evidence for antigen presentation in situ by endothelial cells and astrocytes. J. Neurol. Sci., 69: 365–370, 1985.
36.
Volc-PlatzerB., MajdicO., KnappW., WolffK., HinterbergerW., LechnerK., StingiG.: Evidence of HLA-Dr antigen biosynthesis in human keratinocytes in disease.J. Exp. Med., 159: 1784–1789, 1984.
37.
WerdelinO., SchevachM.: Role of nominal antigen and Ia antigen in the binding of antigen-specific T lymphocytes to macrophages.J. Immunol., 123: 2779–2783, 1979.
38.
WhitwellH.L., HughesH.P.A., MooreM., AhmedA.: Expression of MHC antigens and leucocyte infiltration in benign and malignant human breast disease.Br. J. Cancer, 49: 161–172, 1984.
39.
WongG.H.W., BartlettP.F., Clark-LewisI., BattyeF., SchraderJ.W.: Inducibile expression of H-2 and Ia antigens on brain cells.Nature, 310: 688–691, 1984.
40.
ZuberP., KuppnerM.C.: Transforming factor beta-2 down regulates HLA-Dr antigen expression on human glioma cells.Eur. J. Immunol., 18: 1623–1626, 1988.
41.
ZukJ.A., WalkerR.A.: Immunohistochemical analysis of HLA antigens and mononuclear infiltrates of benign and malignant breast.J. Pathol., 152: 275–285, 1987.
42.
ZukJ.A., WalkerR.A.: HLA class II sublocus expression in benign and malignant breast epithelium.J. Pathol., 155: 301–309, 1988.
