Serum levels of lactate dehydrogenase and its isoenzymes, phosphohexos isomerase, aldolase and hexokinase were determined in 152 cases of breast carcinoma, in search of proper diagnostic and prognostic parameters. The enzyme levels showed a relation to the clinical stage of the tumor and were, on an average, higher in advanced stages of disease. Phosphohexose isomerase and lactate dehydrogenase-isoenzyme levels were of best diagnostic significance even at an early stage of the disease. The enzyme levels correlated well with the prognosis of the disease. In group three, the prognosis was very poor and the patients responded only slightly to the treatment, and only up to the third month; after that enzyme levels again increased.
Get full access to this article
View all access options for this article.
References
1.
BhargavaJ.S., MaryaR.K., MalikV., GoyalS.L.: Serum lactic dehydrogenase in the diagnosis of the breast neoplasma.Indian Surg., 43: 368–371, 1981.
2.
BiermanH.R., HillR.R., ReinhardtL., EmoryE.: Correlation of serum lactic dehydrogenase activity with the clinical status of patients with cancer, lymphomas and the leukemias.Cancer Res., 17: 660–667, 1957.
3.
BodanskyO.: Serum phosphohexose isomerase in cancer. I. Method of determination and establishment of range of normal values.Cancer, 7: 1191–1199, 1954.
4.
BodanskyO.: Serum phosphohexose isomerase in cancer. II. As an index of tumour growth in metastatic carcinoma of the breast.Cancer, 7: 1200–1226, 1954.
5.
CawleyL.P.: Critique clinical chemistry « Cheek Sample » No. CC-43, Council on clinical chemistry. Feb. 1967. Cited in « Diagnostic enzymology » (ed. E.L. Coodley), Lea and Febicer, Philadelphia, 1970.
6.
DamleS.R., TalavdekarR.V.: Studies on glycolytic enzymes in relation to cancer. Part III. Clinical significance of serum phosphohexose isomerase and aldolase in cancer of the prostate. A comparative study with serum acid phosphatase and alkaline phosphatase.Indian J. Cancer, 8: 176–184, 1971.
7.
DamleS.R., TalavdekarR.V.: Studies of isoenzymes of sera and effusions in benign and malignant conditions.Indian J. Cancer, 11: 419–432, 1974.
8.
DeshpandeyN., MitchellI., MillisR.: Enzyme studies in human breast tumor.Eur. J. Cancer, 13: 1261–1268, 1977.
9.
DietzA.A., LubranoT.: Separation and quantitation of lactic dehydrogenase isoenzymes by disc electrophoresis.Anal. Biochem., 20: 246–249, 1967.
10.
HillB.R., LeviC.: Elevation of a serum component in neoplastic disease.Cancer Res., 14: 513–515, 1954.
11.
JoplinG.F., JegatheesanK.: Serum glycolytic enzymes and acid phosphatase in mammary carcinomatosis.Br. Med. J., 1: 827–830, 1962.
12.
MaityC.R., BurmaD.P.: Phosphohexose isomerase and lactic dehydrogenase levels in serum.Indian J. Cancer, 10: 356–360, 1973.
13.
RaoY.N., SinghG.P., ChakravertyM., KhannM.M.: Serum LDH, leucine aminopeptidase and alkaline phosphatase in the diagnosis of cancer.Indian J. Cancer, 15: 39–44, 1978.
14.
RoseA., WestM., ZimmermanH.J.: Serum enzymes in disease. V. Isocitric dehydrogenase, malic dehydrogenase, and glycolytic enzymes in patients with carcinoma of the breast.Cancer, 14: 726–733, 1961.
15.
SarvananC.S., BalasubramanianM.K., Gopala-krishnanV., GovindarajuluP., RaoR.N.: Biochemical studies in breast carcinoma.Indian J. Cancer, 14: 38–41, 1977.
16.
SibleyJ.A., FleisherG.A.: The clinical significance of serum aldolase.Proc. Mayo Clin., 29: 591–603, 1954.
17.
SibleyJ.A., LehningerA.L.: Aldolase in the serum and tissues of tumor-bearing animals.J. Natl. Cancer Inst., 9: 303–309, 1949.
SzutowiczA., KwiatkowskiJ., AngielskiS.: Lipo-genetic and glycolytic enzyme activities in carcinoma and non-malignant disease of the human breast.Br. J. Cancer, 39: 681–686, 1979.
20.
VaidP., SharmaD.C., ShastriK.D.: A clinico-biochemical study of phosphohexose isomerase, aliesterase and sulphahydryl groups in 25 normal and 35 cancer suspects.Indian J. Cancer, 2: 448–452, 1974.
21.
WarburgO., ChristianW.: Garungsfermente in Blutserum von Tumor Ratten.Biochem. Z., 314: 399, 1943.
22.
WolffP.L., WilliamsD., TsudakaT., AcostaL.: Methods and techniques in clinical chemistry (ed. WolffP.L., WilliamsD., TsudakaT., and AcostaL.), Wiley, New York, 1972.
23.
WoottonI.D.P.: Microanalysis in medical biochemistry (WoottonI.D.P. Ed.), J.A. Churchill Ltd., London, 1964.
24.
WrightE.J., CawleyL.P., EberhardtL.: Clinical application interpretation of the serum lactic dehydrogenase zymogram.Am. J. Clin. Pathol., 90: 210–215, 1955.
25.
ZondagH.A.: Activity, lactate dehydrogenase in patients with malignant tumors of testes and ovary. In: Enzymes in Clinical Chemistry (ReyseenR., Vander DriesscheL. Eds.), p. 120, Elsevier, Amsterdam, 1965.
