Circulating Levels and Breast Cyst Fluid Concentrations of Human Chorionic Gonadotropin,Progesterone and Testosterone in Women with Gross Cystic Breast Disease
Restricted accessResearch articleFirst published online December, 1984
Circulating Levels and Breast Cyst Fluid Concentrations of Human Chorionic Gonadotropin,Progesterone and Testosterone in Women with Gross Cystic Breast Disease
Circulating levels and cyst fluid concentrations of human chorionic gonadotropin, progesterone and testosterone were measured in 30 premenopausal women with gross cystic breast disease. Specific radioimmunoassay procedures were used. Amounts of human chorionic gonadotropin exceeding 5.0 mIU/ml were found in cyst fluid of many patients, but not in serum. Progesterone and testosterone concentrations in breast cyst fluid were significantly higher than in serum (p < 0.01 and p < 0.001, respectively).
Get full access to this article
View all access options for this article.
References
1.
BoccuzziG., BrignardelloE., AgrimontiF., DogliottiL., AngeliA.: Adrenal androgens and prolactin in human breast cyst fluid: a possible correlation. In: AngeliA. (Ed.), Endocrinology of Cystic Breast Disease. pp. 85–91, Raven Press, New York, 1983.
2.
BradlowH.L., RosenfeldR.S., KreamJ., FleisherM., O'ConnorJ., SchwartzM.K.: Steroid hormone accumulation in human breast cyst fluid. Cancer Res., 41: 105–107, 1981.
3.
BradlowH.L., SchwartzM.K., FleisherM., NisselbaumJ.S., BoyarR., O'ConnorJ., FukushimaD.K.: Accumulation of hormones in breast cyst fluids. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., 49: 778–782, 1979.
FleisherM., RobbinsG.F., BreedC.N., FracchiaA.A., VebauJ.A., SchwartzM.K.: The biochemistry of breast cyst fluid. New Sloane-Kettering Center Clin. Bull., 3: 94–97, 1973.
6.
GrattarolaR.: Androgens in breast cancer. I. Atypical endometrial hyperplasia and breast cancer in married premenopausal women. Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol., 116: 423–428, 1973.
7.
GrattarolaR.: Anovulation and increased androgenic activtiy as breast cancer risk in women with fibrocystic disease of the breast. Cancer Res., 38: 3051–3054, 1978.
8.
GrattarolaR., SecretoG., RecchioneC.: Androgens in breast cancer: III. Breast cancer recurrences years after mastectomy and increased androgenic activity. Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol., 121: 169–172, 1975.
9.
GrattarolaR., SecretoG., RecchioneC., CastelliniW.: Androgens in breast cancer: II. Endometrial adenocarcinoma and breast cancer in married postmenopausal women. Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol., 118: 173–178, 1974.
10.
HaagensenC.D.: The relationship of gross cystic disease of the breast and carcinoma. Ann. Surg., 185: 375–376, 1977.
11.
HillP., GarbaczewskiL., WinderE.L.: Testosterone in breast fluid. Lancet, 1: 761, 1983.
12.
MacMahonB., ColeP., BrownJ.: Etiology of human breast cancer: A review. J. Natl. Cancer Inst., 50: 21–42, 1973.
13.
MelisB.G., GuarnieriG., PaolettiA.M., MaisV., StriginiF., CappelliN., SelliM., RujuA., FiorettiP.: Clinical and endocrinological features of benign breast disease. In: FiorettiP., MartiniL., MelisG.B., and YenS.S.C. (Eds.), Serono Symposium No. 39. The Menopause: Clinical, Endocrinological and Pathophysiological Aspects. pp. 247–261, Academic Press, London and New York, 1982.
14.
MelisG.B., GuarnieriG., PaolettiA.M., PetacchiF.D., RicciG., StriginiF., SelliM., RujuA., FiorettiP.: Clinical significance of hormonal evaluation in peripheral blood and in breast cyst fluid of women with benign breast disease. In: AngeliA. (Ed.), Endocrinology of Cystic Breast Disease, pp. 101–112, Raven Press, New York, 1983.
15.
MillerW.R., RobertsM.M., CreelR.J., YapP.L., KellyR.W., ForrestA.P.M.: Androgen conjugates in human breast cyst fluids. J. Natl. Cancer Inst., 69: 1055–1058, 1982.
SecretoG., FariselliG., BandieramonteG., RecchioneC., DatiV., Di PietroS.: Androgen excretion in women with a family history of breast cancer or with epithelial hyperplasia or cancer of the breast. Eur. J. Cancer Clin. Oncol., 19: 5–10, 1983.
18.
SecretoG., RecchioneC., CavalieriA., MiragliaM., DatiV.: Circulating levels of testosterone 17β-oestradiol, luteinizing hormone and prolactin in postmenopausal breast cancer patients. Br. J. Cancer, 47: 269–275, 1983.
19.
SecretoG., RecchioneC., FariselliG., Di PietroS.: High testosterone and low progesterone circulating levels in premenopausal patients with hyperplasia and cancer of the breast. Cancer Res., 44: 841–844, 1984.
20.
SecretoG., ZumoffB.: Paradoxical effects associated with supranormal urinary testosterone excretion in premenopausal women with breast cancer: Increased risk of postmastectomy recurrence and higher remission rate after ovariectomy. Cancer Res., 43: 3408–3411, 1983.
21.
WalkerR.A.: Significance of α-subunit HCG demonstrated in breast carcinomas by the immunoperoxidase technique. J. Clin. Pathol., 31: 245–249, 1978.
