16 cases of malignant mesenchymal tumors of the thyroid (7 polymorphous sarcomas, 3 hemangioendotheliomas, 3 reticulum cell sarcomas, 4 fibrosarcomas) observed at the National Cancer Institute, Milan, between 1938 and 1968 are presented. They account for 3.3% of all malignant thyroid tumors during that period. More frequent after the age of 50, the cases reported showed marked malignancy and a rapidly fatal course. Only 2 cases of fibrosarcoma, one in a 15-year old boy and the other in a 35-year old man, were clinically cured 13 and 16 years respectively after radiosurgical treatment.
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