The behavior of factor V activity (proaccelerin) was investigated in 94 patients with acute and chronic leukemia. In acute myeloblastic and chronic myeloid leukemia normal or low levels of factor V were usually found. On the contrary in acute lymphoblastic and chronic lymphocytic leukemia normal or high levels were frequently observed. In ten patients (4 cases with acute myeloblastic leukemia, 5 cases with chronic myeloid leukemia and 1 case with acute lymphoblastic leukemia) there were markedly decreased levels of proaccelerin (less than 40%). In two patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia normal or elevated factor V activity was found. The significance of these variations in proaccelerin levels observed in leukemia is discussed.
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