The activity of Daunomycin, a new antitumor antibiotic, has been studied on normal cells (rat fibroblasts and bone marrow of rat and mouse) and tumor cells (HeLa, KB, Helius strains and rat Walker carcinosarcoma) growing «in vitro». Daunomycin at the doses of 1 - 0,1 μg/ml inhibits the cell growth, decreases mitotic index and produces strong chromosomal aberrations. Moreover, resting cells show nuclear and nucleolar alterations. A decrease in nucleolar RNA was observed by cytochemical studies with the methyl-green pironine reaction according to Unna-Pappenheim. The Fast green reaction for histone showed an increased stainability in the cell nucleus. The meaning of the observed findings is discussed.
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