The Immunomodulatory Effects of Blood Transfusion

Linden J.V. Kaplan H.S. : Transfusion errors: causes and effects. Transf Med Rev, 8: 169–183, 1994.

Klein H.G. : The immunomodulatory effects of blood transfusion. In: Clinical practice of transfusion medicine, Petz LD , Swisher S , Kleinman S , Spence R , Strauss RG (Eds), pp 59–70, Churchill Livingstone, New York, 1996.

Wang Y. Tao L. Mitchell E. Bravery C. Berlingieri P. Armstrong P. Vaughan R. Underwood J. Lehner T. : Allo-immunization elicits CD8+ cell-derived chemokines, HIV suppressor factors and resistance to HIV infection in women. Nature Med, 5: 1004–1009, 1999.

Opelz G. Sengar D.P. Mickey M.R. Terasaki P.I. : Effect of blood transfusions on subsequent kidney transplants. Transplant Proc, 5: 253–259, 1973.

Opelz G. Vanrehterghem Y. Kirste G. Gray D.W. Horsburgh T. LaChance J.G. Larglarder F. Lange H. Vujaklija-Stripanovic C. Alvarez-Grande J. Schott W. Hoyer J. Schnevelle P. Descoeudres C. Ruder H. Wujciak T. Schwarz V. : Prospective evaluation of pretransplant blood transfusions in cadaver kidney recipients. Transplantation, 63: 964–967, 1997.

Vamvakis E. : Transfusion associated cancer recurrence and infection: meta-analysis of the randomized controlled clinical trials. Transfusion, 36: 175–186, 1996.

Vamvakis E.C. Carven J.H. : Transfusion and postoperative pneumonia in coronary artery bypass graft surgery: effect of the length of storage of transfused red cells. Transfusion, 39: 701–710, 1999.

Jensen L.S. : Benefits of leuko-reduced blood transfusion in surgical patients. Curr Opin Hematol, 5: 376–380, 1998.

Van de Watering L.M. Hermans J. Houbiers J.G. Van der Broek P.J. Bouter H. Boer F. Harvey M.S. Huysmans H.A. Brand A. : Beneficial effect of leukocyte depletion of blood on postoperative complications in patients undergoing cardiac surgery: a randomized clinical trial. Circulation, 97: 562–568, 1998.

Coulam C.B. Clark D.A. Collins J. : Worldwide collaborative observational study and metanalysis on allogeneic leukocyte immunotherapy for recurrent spontaneous abortion. Am J Re-prod Immunol, 32: 55–72, 1994.

Peters W.R. Fry RD , Fleshman J.W. Kodner I.J. : Multiple blood transfusions reduce the recurrence rate of Crohn's disease. Dis Colon rectum, 32: 749–753, 1989.

Collier A.C. Kalish L.A. Busch M.P. Gernsheimer T. Assmann S.F. Lane T.A. Asmuth D.M. Lederman M.M. Murphy E.L. Kumar P. Kelley M. Flanigan T.P. McMahon D.K. : Double-blind study of leukocyte-reduced red blood cell transfusions in patients with anemia and human immunodeficiency virus infection: results of the Viral Activation Transfusion Study. Blood (in press).

Anderson K.C. Weinstein H.J. : Transfusion-associated graft-versus-host disease. N Engl J Med, 323: 315–321, 1990.

Lee T.H. Paglieroni T. Ohto H. Holland P.V. Busch M.P. : Survival of donor leukocyte subpopulations in immunocompetent transfusion recipients: frequent long-term microchimerism is severe trauma patients. Blood, 93: 3127–3139, 1999.

Vietor H.E. Hallensleben E. van Bree S.M.P. van der Meer E.M.W. Kaal S.E.J. Bennebroek-Gravenhorst J. Kanhai H.H.H. Brand A. Claas F.H.J. : Survival of donor cells 25 years after intrauterine transfusion. Blood, 95: 2709–2714, 2000.

Artlett C.M. Smith J.B. Jimenez S.A. : Identification of fetal DNA and cells in skin from women with systemic sclerosis. N Engl J Med, 338: 1186, 1998.

Nelson J.L. : Micochimerism and autoimmune disease. N Engl J Med, 338: 1224, 1998.

Blumberg N. Heal J.M. : The transfusion immunomodulation theory, the Th1/Th2 paradigm and an analogy with pregnancy as a unifying mechanism. Semin Hematol, 33: 329–340, 1996.

Ghio M. Contini P. Mazzei C. Brenci S. Barberis G. Filaci G. Indiveri F. Puppo F. : Soluble HLA class I, HLA class II, and Fas ligand in blood components: a possible key to explain the immunologic effects of allogeneic blood transfusion. Blood, 93: 12770–12777, 1999.