Thyroid Function and Release of Thyroid-stimulating Hormone and Prolactin from the Pituitary in Human Obesity

Abstract

Thyroid function, basal serum thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and prolactin concentrations, and the effects of 200 μg TSH-releasing hormone (TRH) given intravenously on TSH (ΔTSH) and prolactin (Δprolactin) were investigated in 25 euthyroid obese subjects and 20 lean controls. No significant differences in serum thyroid hormone concentrations, glucose metabolism parameters, or basal TSH and prolactin concentrations were detected between groups, but a significant (P < 0.01) increase in ΔTSH and a significant (P < 0.01) decrease in Δprolactin were observed in obese subjects. No significant differences in basal TSH and prolactin were observed in obese men and women compared with corresponding lean controls, but Δprolactin decreased significantly (P < 0.01) in obese men and women compared with lean controls and TSH increased significantly (P < 0.01) in obese men and women. No correlation was found between ΔTSH or Δprolactin and body mass index. The study suggests that hyper-responsiveness of TSH and hyporesponsiveness of prolactin to TRH in obese subjects can be related to changes in the central serotoninergic system.