Effects of Isosmolar Contrast Media on the Renal Cortical Blood Flow in Mice

Abstract

Purpose:

In vivo fluorescence microscopy was used in experimental studies of renal cortical microcirculation in mice. The effects of i.v. infusion of a nonionic monomeric contrast medium (iohexol), a nonionic dimeric contrast medium (iodixanol), and mannitol of corresponding osmolalities were studied.

Results:

All infusions produced marked effects on the distribution and velocity of renal cortical blood flow. Renal cortical blood flow was inhomogeneous as regards the different capillaries. There was an initial rapid rise in the blood flow in some capillaries after all infusions, while decreased flow was seen in other capillaries. The initial increase in renal cortical blood flow (RCBF) was significantly (p<0.05) more pronounced after infusion of iohexol than after infusion of mannitol 0.69 mol/l. In all other respects, the effects of contrast media on RCBF were the same as the effects of mannitol solutions with a corresponding osmolality. The effects of each contrast medium were the same as those of mannitol of corresponding osmolality. In the capillaries showing increased blood flow, the peak value was encountered slightly later after the infusion of iodixanol than after the infusion of iohexol. This was considered to be related to differences in viscosity rather than osmolality.

Conclusion:

The difference in osmolality between iodixanol and iohexol is of no significance with regard to their effects on RCBF.

Keywords

Renal microcirculation contrast media osmolality,nephropathy comparative investigation

Get full access to this article

View all access options for this article.

References

Almén

: Experimental investigations with iohexol and their clinical relevance. Acta Radiol. (1983), Suppl. 366, p. 9.

Arend

L. J.

Bakris

G. L.

Burnet

J. C.

Megerian

Spielman

W. S.

: Role for intrarenal adenosine in the renal hemodynamic response to contrast media. Kidney Int. 27 (1985), 465.

Bettman

M. A.

: Angiographic contrast agents. Conventional and new media compared. AJR 139 (1982), 787.

Fischer

H. W.

: Hemodynamic reactions to angiographic media. A survey and commentary. Radiology 91 (1968), 66.

Gottschalk

C. W.

Mylle

: Micropuncture study of pressures in proximal and distal tubules and peritubular capillaries of the rat kidney during osmotic diuresis. Am. J. Physiol. 189 (1957), 323.

Högström

Rooth

Sunnegårdh

Hietala

S.-O.

: In vivo fluorescence microscopy of microcirculation in the renal cortex of mice. Part I. An experimental model for contrast media studies. Acta Radiol. 34 (1993), 168.

Högström

Rooth

Sunnegårdh

Hietala

S.-O.

: In vivo fluorescence microscopy of microcirculation in the renal cortex of mice. Part II. Effects of mannitol and contrast media infusions. Acta Radiol. 34 (1993), 174.

Jacobsen

J. Å.

Nossen

J. O.

Jørgensen

N. P.

Berg

K. J.

: Renal tubular effects of diuretics and X-ray contrast media. A comparative study of equimolar doses in healthy volunteers. Invest. Radiol. 28 (1993), 319.

Katzberg

R. W.

: Renal effects of contrast media. Invest. Radiol. 23 (1988), 157.

10.

Koushanpour

Kriz

: Mechanism of concentration and dilution of urine. In: Renal physiology, 2nd edn., p. 270. Springer-Verlag, New York 1986.

11.

Lund

J. S.

: Investigation of physicochemical properties of aqueous iodixanol solutions in correlation to iodixanol concentrations. Data on file, 28.8. 1992, Nycomed Imaging AS, Oslo.

12.

Morsing

Persson

E. G.

Boberg

: A micropuncture assessment of the effects of contrast media of different osmolality. Invest. Radiol. 23 (1988), 767.

13.

Mudge

G. H.

Meier

F. A.

Ward

K. K.

: Pathogenesis of renal impairment induced by radiocontrast drugs. In: Acute renal failure, p. 361. Edited by Solez

Marcel Dekker Inc., New York 1984.

14.

Nygren

Ulfendahl

H. R.

: Effects of high- and low-osmolar contrast media on renal plasma flow and glomerular filtration rate in euvolemic and dehydrated rats. Acta Radiol. 30 (1989), 383.

15.

Sunnegårdh

: Systemic, pulmonary, and renal haemodynamic effects following intravenous infusion of radiographic contrast media. An experimental study in the pig. University of Umeå, Sweden. Thesis 1990, p. 18.