Absorption and Excretion of Iodixanol after Intragastric Administration to Rats

Abstract

Absorption and excretion of iodixanol 320 mg I/ml were investigated in rats after intragastric administration of 2.5 g I/kg b.w.

Animals were observed for up to 96 hours after treatment, and blood, urine and feces taken at several time-points throughout the experiment. Concentrations of iodixanol in serum and urine were measured by means of reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography. Fecal concentrations of iodixanol, based on iodine measurements, were determined by X-ray fluorescence spectrometry. Serial radiographs were obtained and histopathological examination was performed on selected tissues.

The results indicate that less than 1% of the intragastric dose of iodixanol is absorbed from the intestine into the blood stream. No adverse clinical signs were observed, and there were no treatment-related histomorphological findings.

Keywords

Gastrointestinal tract contrast media absorption excretion experimental

Get full access to this article

View all access options for this article.

References

Allan

G. S.

Rendano

V. T.

Quick

C. B.

Meunier

P. C.

: Gastrografin as a gastrointestinal contrast medium in the cat. J. Am. Vet. Radiol. Soc. 20 (1979), 110.

Andersen

Lærum

Bay

Aas

Halstensen

T. S.

Stordahl

: Experimental colonic inflammation and ulceration. Permeation of a water-soluble contrast medium as a measure of ‘disease’ activity. Scand. J. Gastroenterol. 27 (1992), 757.

Bayliss

W. M.

Starling

E. H.

: The movements and innervation of the small intestine. J. Physiol. 24 (1988), 99.

Canada

W. J.

: Use of Urokon (sodium-3-acetyl-amin-2,4,6,-triiodobenzoate) in roentgen study of gastrointestinal tract. Radiology 64 (1955), 867.

Cohen

M. D.

: Choosing contrast media for pediatric gastrointestinal examinations. Crit. Rev. Diagn. Imaging 30 (1990), 317.

Cohen

M. D.

Schreiner

Grosfeld

Weber

Lemons

Jansen

: A new look at the neonatal bowel-contrast studies with metrizamide (Amipaque). J. Pediatr. Surg. 18 (1983), 442.

Dodds

W. J.

Stewart

E. T.

Vlyman

W. J.

: Appropriate contrast media for evaluation of esophageal disruption. Radiology 144 (1982), 439.

Foley

M. J.

Ghahremani

G. G.

Rogers

L. F.

: Reappraisal of contrast media used to detect upper gastrointestinal perforations. Comparison of ionic water-soluble contrast media with barium-sulphate. Radiology 144 (1982), 231.

Harris

P. D.

Neuhauser

E. B. D.

Gerth

: The osmotic effect of water-soluble contrast media on circulating plasma volume. AJR 91 (1964), 694.

10.

Heglund

I. F.

Michelet

Å. A.

Blazak

Furuhama

Holtz

: Preclinical pharmacokinetics and general toxicity of iodixanol. Acta Radiol. (1995), Suppl. 399, p. 69.

11.

Jacobsen

P. B.

Blindheim

Skotland

: Bioanalytical methods for iodixanol and their application to studies on metabolism and protein binding. Acta Radiol. (1995), Suppl. 399, p. 61.

12.

Johansen

J. G.

: Assessment of a non-ionic contrast medium (Amipaque) in the gastrointestinal tract. Invest. Radiol. 13 (1978), 523.

13.

Lærum

Stordahl

Aase

: Water-soluble contrast media compared with barium in enteric follow-through. Acta Radiol. 29 (1988), 603.

14.

McAlister

W. H.

Siegel

M. J.

: Fatal aspiration in infancy during gastrointestinal series. Pediatr. Radiol. 14 (1984), 81.

15.

Moon

Myer

: Gastrointestinal contrast radiology in small animals. Semin. Vet. Med. Surg. (Small Anim.) 1 (1986), 121.

16.

Morgan

J. P.

Silverman

: Techniques of veterinary radiography, p. 284. Iowa State University Press, Ames, IA 1989.

17.

Mori

P. A.

Barrett

H. A.

: A sign of intestinal perforation. Radiology 79 (1962), 401.

18.

Nelson

S. W.

Christoforidis

A. J.

Roenigk

W. J.

: Dangers and fallabilities of iodinated radiopaque media in obstruction of the small bowel. Am. J. Surg. 109 (1965), 546.

19.

Noonan

C. D.

Margulis

A. R.

: Small bowel transit time of water soluble iodinated contrast medium and barium sulfate in cats with simulated surgical acute abdomen. AJR 110 (1970), 334.

20.

Nossen

J. Ø.

Aakhus

Berg

K. J.

Jørgensen

N. P.

Andrew

: Experience with iodixanol, a new non-ionic dimeric contrast medium. Preliminary results from the human phase I study. Invest. Radiol. 25 (1990), Suppl. 1, p. S113.