Effect of Ionic and Non-Ionic Contrast Media on Red Cell Aggregation in Vitro

Agarwal J. Baile E. Palmer W. : Reflex systemic hypotension due to hypertonic solutions in the pulmonary circulation. J. appl. Physiol. 27 (1969), 251.

Almén T. : Contrast agent design. J. theoret. Biol. 24 (1969), 216.

Almén T. Effects of metrizamide on the sedimentation rate of red blood cells. Acta radiol. (1973) Suppl. No. 335 p. 229.

Almén T. Aspelin P. : Cardiovascular effects of ionic monomeric and ionic dimeric and non-ionic contrast media. Effects in animals on myocardial contractile force, pulmonary and aortic blood pressure and aortic endothelium. Invest. Radiol. 10 (1975), 557.

Almén T. Levin B. : Effect of ionic and non-ionic contrast media on aortic and pulmonary arterial pressure. An angiographic study in rabbits. Invest. Radiol. 10 (1975), 519.

Aspelin P. : Effects of ionic and non-ionic contrast media on morphology of human erythrocytes. Acta radiol. Diagnosis 19 (1978), 675.

Bernstein E. Evans R. : Low molecular-weight dextran. J. Amer. med. Ass. 174 (1960), 161.

Bernstein E. Evans R. Saltzman G.-F. : Physico-chemical properties of blood following exposure to methylglucamine iodipamide and other contrast media. Acta radiol. Diagnosis 2 (1964), 401.

Bernstein E. Evans R. Blum J. Avant R. : Further experimental and early clinical observations concerning the protective action of low molecular weight upon intravenous Hypaque toxicity. Radiology 76 (1961), 260.

Bessis M. Mohanda N. : Deformability of normal, shape altered and pathological red cells. Blood cells 1 (1975), 315.

Weed R. J. Leblond P. F. : Red cell shape. Physiology, pathology, ultrastructure. Springer-Verlag, New York, Heidelberg, Berlin 1973.

Binet L. Burstein M. : Sur l'action vasoconstrictrice du sérum salé hypertonique au niveau de la petite circulation. C.R. Soc. Biol. (Paris) 145 (1951), 1766.

Binet L. Burstein M. Sut les effets cardiovasculaire du sérum salé hypertonique. C.R. Soc. Biol. (Paris) 147 (1953), 1997.

Björk L. : Effect of angiocardiography on erythrocyte Aggregation in the conjunctival vessels. Acta radiol. Diagnosis 6 (1967), 459.

Brånemark P.-I. Lindström J. : Studies in the function of nutritive capillaries in the connective tissue in rabbits ear chamber. J. Anat. (Lond.) 97 (1963), 323.

Brånemark P.-I. Lindström J. Shape of circulating blood corpuscles. Biorheology 1 (1963), 139.

Jacobsson B. Sörensen S. E. : Microvascular effects of topically applied contrast media. Acta radiol. Diagnosis 8 (1969), 547.

Brinkman R. Zijlstra W. G. Jansonius J. : Quantitative evaluation of the rate of roleaux formation of erythrocytes by measuring light reflexion (‘syllectometry’). Proc. kon. ned. Akad. Wet., Ser. 6. 66 (1963), 237.

Brown R. Youmans R. Livanec G. Derrick J. Bond T. Guest M. : Cinemicrographic observations of the effects of contrast media on the microcirculation. Vasc. Surg. 2 (1968), 109.

Chaplin H. Carlsson E. : Changes in human red blood cells during in vitro exposure to several roentgenologic contrast media. Amer. J. Roentgenol. 86 (1961), 1127.

Chien S. : Electrochemical and ultrastructural aspects of red cell aggregation. Bibl. anat. 11 (1973), 244.

Datta S. Bluming A. : Red cell clumping after intravenous contrast medium. New Engl. J. Med. 289 (1973), 1253.

Ehrly A. Müller H. : Aggregation und Desaggregation von Erythiocyten. Acta. haemat. (Basel) 36 (1966), 323.

Eliakim M. Rosenberg S. Braun K. : Effect of hypertonic saline on the pulmonary and systemic pressures. Circulat. Res. 6 (1958), 357.

Stern S. Nathan H. : Site of action of hypertonic saline in the pulmonary circulation. Circulat. Res. 9 (1961), 327.

Fåhreus R. : Suspension stability of blood. Acta. med. scand. 55 (1921), 1.

Fåhreus R. Lindqvist T. : The viscosity of the blood in narrow capillary tubes. Amer. J. Physiol. 96 (1931), 562.

Friesinger G. Schaffer J. Criley M. Gaertner R. Ross R. : Hemodynamic consequences of the injection of radiopaque material. Circulation 31 (1965), 730.

Garber G. Read R. : Protective effect of hypervolemia in cardioangiography. J. Amer. med. Ass. 180 (1962), 376.

Goldberg S. Linde L. Gyepes M. : Hemodynamic influence of sodium iothalamate on controlled pulmonary circulation. Invest. Radiol. 3 (1968), 267.

Goldsmith H. Mason S. : Some model experiments in heamodynamics. II. Bibl anat. (Basel) 7 (1965), 353.

Holtermann H. : Metrizamide. Introduction. Acta. radiol. (1973) Suppl. No. 335, p. 1.

James L. Matoolf J. Davis H. Hodgson P. : Morphologic responses to renal arterial perfusion with Hypaque. Amer. J. Roentgenol. 93 (1965), 916.

Johnson J. Knisely M. : Intravascular agglutination of the flowing blood following the injection of radiopaque contrast media. Neurology 12 (1962), 560.

Kleinermann L. Ghitescu T. Busu I. Inescu N. Lupu A. : Der Einfluss der Ausdehnung des linken Vorhofes auf den pulmonalen Arteriendruck. Cardiologia 31 (1957), 475.

Klose H. Volger E. Brechtelsbauer H. Heinich L. Schmid-Schönbein H. : Microrheology and light transmission of blood. I. The photometric effects of red cell aggregation and red cell orientation Pflügers Arch. ges. Physiol. 333 (1972), 126.

Kramer K. : Ein Verfahren zur fortlaufenden Messung des Sauerstoffgehaltes im strömenden Blut an uneröffneten Gefässen. Z. Biol. 96 (1935), 61.

Kutt L. Milhorat T. McDowell F. : The effect of iodinized contrast media upon blood proteins, electrolytes and red cells. Neurology 13 (1963), 492.

Verebely K. Bang N. Streuli F. McDowell F. : Possible mechanisms of complications of angiography. Acta radiol. Diagnosis 5 (1966), 276.

Larcan A. Stoltz M. Stoltz J. F. : Effects of various iodic substances on the mesenteric circulation of the rat. Microvasc. Res. 3 (1971), 207.

Lasser E. Farr R. Fujimagari T. Tripp W. : The significance of proteinbinding of contrast media in roentgen diagnosis. Amer. J. Roentgenol. 87 (1962), 338.

Lindgren P. Löfström B. Saltzman G.-F. : Intravascular erythrocyte aggregation after intravenous injection of contrast media. Acta radiol. Diagnosis 2 (1964), 334.

Margolis G. Griffin A. T. Kenan P. D. Tinall G. T. Riggins R. Fort L. : Contrast medium injury to the spinal cord. The role of altered circulatory dynamics. J. Neurosurg. 16 (1959), 390.

McIntosh H. Hurst V. Thompson H. Morris J. Whalen R. : The hemodynamic effects of the injection of contrast medium (Isopaque). Angiology 18 (1967), 306.

Meyer M. Read R. C. : Red cell aggregation from concentrated saline and angiographic media. Radiology 82 (1964), 630.

Poiesz B. J. : Clumping of red cells after intravenous contrast medium. New Engl. J. Med. 289 (1973), 868.

Rand P. Lacombe E. : Effects of angiocardiographic injections on blood viscosity. Radiology 85 (1965), 1022.

Read R. : Cause of death in angiocardiography. J. thorac. cardiovasc. Surg. 38 (1949), 685.

Read R. Meyer M. : The role of red cell agglutination in arteriographic complications. Surg. Forum 10 (1959), 472.

Vick J. Meyer M. : Influence of perfusate characteristics on the pulmonary vascular effects of hypertonic solutions. Fed. Proc. 18 (1959), 124.

Vick J. Meyer M. Influence of dextran infusion on the pulmonary hypertensive effect of concentrated saline. Circulat. Res. 9 (1961), 1240.

Johnson J. Vick J. Meyer J. : Vascular effects of hypertonic solutions. Circulat. Res. 8 (1960), 538.

Robertsson S. Wolf S. Wolff H. G. : Blood sludge phenomen in human subjects. Amer. J. med. Sci. 29 (1950), 534.

Schiantarelli P. Peroni F. Tirone P. Rosati G. : Effects of iodinated contrast media on erythrocytes. I. Effects of canine erythrocytes on morphology Invest. Radiol. 8 (1973), 199.

Schmid-Schönbein H. Wells R. : Quantification of the dynamics of red cell aggregation. Bibl. anat. 10 (1969), 45.

Schmid-Schönbein H. Wells R. Rheological consequences of osmotic red cell crenation. Arch. ges. Physiol. 307 (1969), 59.

Schmid-Schönbein H. Wells R. Rheological properties of human erythrocytes and their influence upon the ‘anomalous’ viscosity of blood. Ergebn. Physiol. 63 (1971), 146.

Weiss J. Ludwig H. : A simple method for measuring red cell deformability in models of the microcirculation. Blut 24 (1973), 369.

Wells R. Schildkraut R. : Microscopy and viscometry of blood flowing under uniform shear rate (rheoscopy). J. appl. Physiol. 26 (1969), 674.

Volger E. Klose H. J. : Microrheology and light transmission of blood. II. The photometric quantification of red cell aggregate formation and dispersion in flow Pflügers Arch. ges. Physiol. 333 (1972), 140.

Volger E. Klose H. J. Weiss J. : Blood microrheology and the development of stasis in the microvasculatuie after injury. Advanc. exp. Med. Biol. 33 (1972), 65.

Kline K. A. Heinich L. Volger E. Fischer T. : Microrheology and light transmission of blood. III. The velocity of red cell aggregate formation Pflügers Arch. 354 (1975), 299.

Session R. Killen D. Foster J. : Low molecular weight dextran as a protective agent against the toxic effects of Urokon. Amer. Surg. 28 (1962), 455.

Snider G. : Primary pulmonary hypertension. A fatality during pulmonary angiography. Chest 64 (1973), 628.

Sobin S. Frasher W. G. Jacobsson G. Van Eeckhoven F. A. : Nature of adverse reactions to radiopaque agents. J. Amer. med. Ass. 170 (1959), 1546.

Stallworth M. Rodriguez O. Barrington B. : Microcirculatory responses to commonly used therapeutic drugs. Amer. Surg. 38 (1972), 145.

Svoboda M. Fiala J. : Der Einfluss jodierter wasserlöslicher Röntgenkontrastmittel auf die roten Blutkörpeichen im Verlauf der Kontrastuntersuchungen. Radiol. diagn. (Berlin) 5 (1964), 207.

Svoboda M. Fiala J. Morphologische Veränderung der roten Blutkörperchen nach verschiedenen wasserlöslichen, jodhaltigen Röntgenkontrastmitteln. Radiologe 4 (1964), 404.

Taylor M. Robertsson J. S. : The flow of blood in narrow tubes. I. A capillary microphotometer: An apparatus for measuring the optical density of flowing blood Aust. J. exp. Biol. 32 (1954), 721.

Thorsen G. Hint H. : Aggregation, sedimentation and intravascular sludging of erythrocytes. Acta. chir. scand. (1950) Suppl. No. 154.

Watson H. : Severe pulmonary hypertensive episodes following angiocardiography with sodium metrizoate. Lancet 2 (1964), 732.

Wells R. Schmid-Schönbein H. : Red cell deformation and fluidity of concentrated cell suspensions. J. appl. Physiol. 27 (1969), 213.

Wiedeman M. : Influence of low molecular weight dextran on vascular and intravascular responses to contrast media. Amer. J. Roentgenol. 92 (1964), 682.

Wiedeman M. Vascular and intravascular responses to vatious contrast media. Angiology 14 (1963), 107.