Sage Journals: Discover world-class research

Abstract

Background

The acute onset of Marchiafava-Bignami disease (MBD) is difficult to capture, and its clinical manifestations are overlapped. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is very useful in the diagnosis of acute MBD.

Purpose

To investigate the MRI features and clinical outcomes of acute MBD.

Materials and Methods

Sagittal T2-weighted (T2W) or T1-weighted (T1W) imaging, axial T1W and T2W imaging, and axial FLAIR and diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) sequences were performed in 17 patients with acute MBD on 1.5-T MR. According to the different ranges of callosal restricted diffusion, MBD was divided into Type I (n = 7, the completely involved), Type II (n = 5, the mostly involved), and Type III (n = 5, the partly involved). The MRI findings and outcomes of each type were retrospectively analyzed.

Results

With the reduced range of the callosal restricted diffusion, the callosal atrophy or cavitation was more common: no case of Type I; 1 (20%) case of Type II; and 3 (60%) cases of Type III. With the increased range of callosal restricted diffusion, the extracallosal involvement was more common: 6 (86%) cases of Type I; 3 (60%) cases of Type II; and 1 (20%) case of Type III. During the follow-up, five cases had neuropsychiatric sequelae: 1 (14%) case of type I; 1 (20%) case of Type II; 3 (60%) cases of Type III.

Conclusion

The MRI findings and clinical outcomes of acute MBD are regular. The extensive restricted diffusion of acute MBD may present the curable condition. Callosal heterogeneity may affect the outcome of acute MBD.

Keywords

Acute Marchiafava-Bignami disease magnetic resonance imaging diversity

Get full access to this article

View all access options for this article.

References

Zahr

Kaufman

Harper

, et al. Clinical and pathological features of alcohol-related brain damage. Nat Rev Neurol 2011; 7:284–294.

Fernandes

LMP

Bezerra

Monteiro

, et al. Thiamine deficiency, oxidative metabolic pathways and ethanol-induced neurotoxicity: how poor nutrition contributes to the alcoholic syndrome, as Marchiafava-Bignami disease. Eur J Clin Nutr 2017; 71:580–586.

Zuccoli

Siddiqui

Cravo

, et al. Neuroimaging findings in alcohol-related encephalopathies. AJR Am J Roentgenol 2010; 195:1378–1384.

Koeppen

Barron

KD.

Marchiafava-Bignami disease. Neurology 1978; 28:290–294.

Uchino

Takase

Nomiyama

, et al. Acquired lesions of corpus callosum. Eur Radiol 2006; 16:905–914.

Niciu

Mason

GF.

Neuroimaging in alcohol and drug dependence. Curr Behav Neurosci Rep 2014; 1:45–54.

Starkey

Kobayashi

Numaguchi

, et al. Cytotoxic Lesions of the corpus callosum that show restricted diffusion: mechanisms, causes, and manifestations. Radio Graphics 2017; 37:562–576.

Friese

Bitzer

Freudenstein

, et al. Classification of acquired lesions of the corpus callosum with MRI. Neuroradiol 2000; 42:795–802.

Ménégon

Sibon

Pachai

, et al. Marchiafava-Bignami disease: diffusion-weighted MRI in corpus callosum and cortical lesions. Neurology 2005; 65:475–477.

10.

Heinrich

Runge

Khaw

, et al. Clinicoradiologic subtypes of Marchiafava-Bignami disease. J Neurol 2004; 251:1050–1059.

11.

Tung

Tsou

, et al. Marchiafava-Bignami disease with widespread lesions and complete recovery. Am J Neuroradiol 2010; 31:1506–1507.

12.

Wiwanitkit

Imaging for diagnosis of Marchiafava-Bignami disease. Neurol India 2009; 57:837.

13.

Hlaihel

Gonnaud

Champin

, et al. Diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging in Marchiafava-Bignami disease: follow-up studies. Neuroradiology 2005; 47:520–524.

14.

Matute

Alberdi

Domercq

, et al. Excitotoxic damage to white matter. J Anat 2007; 210:693–702.

15.

Tuntiyatorn

Laothamatas

Acute Marchiafava-Bignami disease with callosal, cortical, and white matter involvement. Emerg Radiol 2008; 15:137–140.

16.

Kallakatta

Radhakrishnan

Fayaz

, et al. Clinical and functional outcome and factors predicting prognosis in osmotic demyelination syndrome (central pontine and/or extrapontine myelinolysis) in 25 patients. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2011; 82:326–331.

17.

Wenz

Eisele

Artemis

, et al. Acute Marchiafava-Bignami disease with extensive diffusion restriction and early recovery: case reportand review of the literature. J Neuroimaging 2014; 24:421–424.

18.

Hillbom

Saloheimo

Fujioka

, et al. Diagnosis and management of MarchiafavaBignami disease: a review of CT/MRI confirmed cases. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2014; 85:168–173.

19.

Staszewski

Macek

Stepien

, et al. Reversible demyelinisation of corpus callosum in the course of Marchiafava-Bignami disease. Neurol Neurochir Pol 2006; 40:156–161.

20.

Sakurai

Sasaki

Hara

, et al. Wernicke’s encephalopathy with cortical abnormalities: clinicoradiological features: report of 3 new cases and review of the literature. Eur Neurol 2009; 62:274–280.

21.

Ugurel

Hayakawab

Implications of post-gadolinium MRI results in 13 cases with posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome. Eur J Radiol 2005; 53:441–449.

22.

Swanton

Fernando

Dalton

, et al. Early MRI in optic neuritis: the risk for clinically defnite multiple sclerosis. Mult Scler 2010; 16:156–165.

Diverse MRI findings and clinical outcomes of acute Marchiafava-Bignami disease