The relationship between calcium (water) density and age distribution in adult women with spectral CT: initial result compared to bone mineral density by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry

Abstract

Background

Calcium (water) density (D_Ca(Wa)) of gemstone spectral imaging by spectral computed tomography (CT) is a new method of evaluating bone structures.

Purpose

To investigate age-related change of D_Ca(Wa) of a chosen lumbar vertebra in adult women with spectral CT and the correlation between the D_Ca(Wa) and bone mineral density (BMD) of dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA).

Material and Methods

A total of 305 adult women underwent spectral CT, 127 of whom simultaneously underwent DXA. All the patients were divided into 11 subgroups based on age. D_Ca(Wa) and BMD were measured at the second lumbar vertebra on the calcium (water)-based material decomposition images of spectral CT and DXA, respectively. A one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was performed for the difference of the measurements among adjacent age subgroups. Pearson correlation was used to assess the association between age and D_Ca(Wa), age and BMD, as well as D_Ca(Wa) and BMD.

Results

There was a significant negative correlation between D_Ca(Wa) and age (r = −0.719) as well as BMD and age(r = −0.851). The mean D_Ca(Wa) of L2 vertebral body was significantly different between the 40–44- and 45–49-, 45–49- and 50–54-, 55–59- and 60–64-, 65–69- and 70–74-year-old age subgroups. BMD was significantly different between the 35–39- and 40–44-, 45–49- and 50–54-, and 65–69- and 70–74-year-old age subgroups. There was a significant positive correlation between D_Ca(Wa) and BMD.

Conclusions

The D_Ca(Wa) of lumbar vertebra by spectral CT demonstrated similar age distribution as BMD of DXA and could be used as a method of measuring the vertebral bone mineral density in adult women.

Keywords

Computed tomography spectral imaging age calcium(water) density bone mineral density dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry

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