The application of Western management techniques to countries in the very early stages of economic development remains a subject of debate. Building on the works of Montgomery in the Southern African Development Coordination Conference countries and of Vengroff in the Central African Republic, the authors examine the skill requirements among Senegalese managers from nine different employment situations: upper, middle, and lower levels at public, private, and parastatal organizations. They then extend their work by examining the same managers as to their normative beliefs and attitudes about managerial work. They conclude with implications of these findings for the design and implementation of management-training programs and the possibilities for the success of management reform efforts.
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