1 U.S. Department of Health, Education and Welfare. Health Care Financing Administration. EPSDT: History. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1974.
2.
2 Elsie M. Tytla, "What is the Purpose of EPSDT." Paper presented at the Illinois State-Wide Conference on EPSDT/Medichek, Chicago, Illinois, January 25, 1974.
3.
4.
4 Most of this opposition has appeared in the mass media rather than in scholarly journals. Typical is a January 28, 1979, Houston Post article entitled, "A Lot of Waste."
5.
Howard N. Newman
, "EPSDT: The Dental Health Aspects." Paper presented at the National Dental Health Conference, Chicago, III., March 26, 1973.
6.
6 Seymour Budoff, "Final Report of the Macro-Evaluation of New York State's EPSDT Program." Report delivered to Associate Regional Commissioners, Medical Services, December 13, 1976.
7.
7 Anne-Marie Foltz, "Care and Carelessness in Federal Child Health Policy,"Journal of Public Health Policy (June 1980): 141-149.
8.
8 John D. Miller, "Study Finds EPSDT Program Growing in Effectiveness,"Health Care Financing Administration Forum, (November/December 1977): 33-35.
9.
9 Ibid.
10.
10 U.S. Department of Health, Education and Welfare. Health Care Financing Administration. Medicaid's Early and Periodic Screening, Diagnosis and Treatment Program. August, 1974.
11.
12.
12 Ibid.
13.
13 U.S. Department of Health, Education and Welfare. Health Care Financing Administration. A Guide to Administration, Diagnosis and Treatment: EPSDT. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1977.
14.
14 U.S. Department of Health, Education and Welfare. Health Care Financing Administration. A Guide to Adolescent Health Care: EPSDT. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1980.
15.
15 Quarterly reports more recent than 1980 were not available at the time this study was undertaken. The state of Texas had been cited by HHS for not submitting their December, 1980 and March, 1981 reports.
16.
16 The CY project is a comprehensive health program which provides health screening and on-site dental and medical treatment for children and youth in West Dallas. Ages of clients range from 0-18. Services are provided to both Medicaid and non-Medicaid patients, as the CY project also utilizes an outreach program through the schools and churches in the area, through mailings and by word-of-mouth.
17.
"The Health of Needy Children,"Washington Post, February 24, 1975.
18.
18 In 1974, state and federal governments spent about $2.5 billion on cash assistance for disabled persons and about $2 billion on Medicaid. HHS estimated that 10 percent of this cost could have been avoided through EPSDT programs. Screening alone cost from $12 to $30 per child. Additionally, preventive or corrective treatment costs per child ranged from $50 to $1,000. This contrasted markedly with the cost of hospitalization, about $1,000 every two weeks.
