and William E. Snizek, "Hall's Professionalism Scale: An Empirical Reassessment,"American Sociological Review37 (February 1972): 109-110.
2.
2 Hall, "Professionalization and Bureaucratization": 94.
3.
3Ibid.: 97.
4.
4 Barber, "Some Problems in the Sociology of the Professions," pp. 22-23.
5.
5 Richard J. Stillman, II, The Rise of the City Manager: A Public Professional in Local Government (Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press, 1974), p. 4.
6.
and Leonard White, The City Manager (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1927), pp. 123-140.
7.
7 Clarence E. Ridley and Orin F. Nolting, The City Manager Profession (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1934).
8.
8 Stillman, The Rise of the City Manager, Chapter 4.
9.
and International City Management Association, "Our Profession: Today's Profile,"ICMA Newsletter, Supplement 2, 62, No. 22 (November 2, 1981).
10.
10 ICMA, "Our Profession."
11.
11 Complete information on the 1980 ICMA survey had not been published at the time this article was written. It was scheduled for release in The Municipal Yearbook: 1982 to be published by the ICMA.
12.
12 David R. Morgan, Kenneth J. Meier, Richard C. Kearney, Steven W. Hays, and Harold B. Birch, "Reputation and Productivity Among U.S. Public Administration and Public Affairs Programs,"Public Administration Review41 (November/December 1981): 666-673. The top ten reputations, for example, belong to Syracuse, Harvard, Southern California, Indiana, California (Berkeley), Texas (Austin), Princeton, Pittsburgh, Michigan (Ann Arbor), and Georgia, in that order.
13.
and Robert K. Merton, Social Theory and Social Structure (New York: The Free Press, 1968), pp. 441-474.
14.
14 Se, for example, Everett M. Rogers and F. Floyd Shoemaker, Communication of Innovations: A Cross-Cultural Approach, 2nd ed. (New York: Free Press, 1971), pp. 347-385.
15.
15 Hall, "Professionalization and Bureaucratization": 103.
16.
16 Peter F. Drucker, The Practice of Management (New York: Harper and Row, 1954), pp. 9-10.
