Knaus WA, Draper EA, Wagner DP, Zimmerman JEApache II: a severity of disease classification system. Crit Care Med. 1985;13:818-29.
4.
Lemeshow S., Teres D., Avrunin JS, Gage RWRefining intensive care unit outcome prediction by using changing probabilities of mortality. Crit Care Med. 1988;16:470-7.
5.
Knaus WA, Draper EA, Wagner DP, et al.An evaluation of outcome from intensive care in major medical centers. Ann Intern Med. 1986;104:410-8.
6.
Silverstein MDPrediction instruments and clinical judgment in critical care. JAMA. 1988;260:1758-9.
7.
Horn SD, Horn RA, Sharkey PD, Chambers AFSeverity of illness within DRGs: homogeneity study. Med Care . 1986;24:225-35.
8.
Kruse JA, Thil-Baharozian MC, Carlson RWComparison of clinical assessment with APACHE II for predicting mortality risk in patients admitted to a medical intensive care unit. JAMA. 1988;260:1739-42.
9.
Brannen AL, Godfrey LJ, Goetter WEPrediction of outcome from critical illness; a comparison of clinical judgment with a prediction rule. Arch Intern Med. 1989 ;149:1083-6.
10.
McClish DK, Powell SHHow well can physicians estimate mortality in a medical intensive care unit . Med Decis Making. 1989;9:125-32.
11.
Pozen MW, D'Agostino RB, Selker HP, et al.A predictive instrument to improve coronary-care unit admission practices . N Engl J Med. 1984;310:1273-8.
12.
Rauss A., Knaus WA, Patois E., Le Gall J-R., Loirat P., French Multicentric Group of ICU Research. Prognosis for recovery from multiple organ system failure: the accuracy of objective estimates of chances for survival . Med Decis Making. 1990;10:155-162.
13.
Knaus WA, Rauss A., Alperovitch A., et al.Do objective estimates of chances for survival influence decisions to withhold or withdraw treatment?Med Decis Making . 1990;10:163-171.