Kapoor W., Karpf M., Wieand S., et al: A prospective evaluation and follow-up of patients with syncope . N Engl J Med308:197-209, 1983
2.
Kapoor W., Martin D., Karpf M.: Syncope in the elderly. A pragmatic approach. Geriatrics38:46-53, 1983
3.
Wayne, HH: Syncope. Physiological considerations and an analysis of the clinical characteristics in 510 patients. Am J Med30:418-438, 1961
4.
Kapoor WN, Karpf M., Maher Y., et al: Syncope of unknown origin. The need for a more cost effective approach to its diagnostic evaluation. JAMA247:2687-2691, 1982
5.
Day SC, Cook EF, Funkenstein H., Goldman L.: Evaluation and outcome of emergency room patients with transient loss of consciousness . Am J Med73:15-23, 1982
6.
Luxon L., Crowther A., Harrison M., Coltart D.: Controlled study of 24-hour ambulatory electrocardiographic monitoring in patients with transient neurological symptoms. J Neurol Neurosurg Psych43:37-41, 1980
7.
Kala R., Viitasalo M., Toivonen L., Eiasalo A.: Ambulatory ECG recording in patients referred because of syncope or dizziness . Acta Med Scand668:13-19, 1982
8.
Yahini H., Hertzeanu J., Nevfeld N.: Holter monitoring in dizziness and syncope. Acta Cardiol (Brux)6:375-383, 1979
9.
Lipski J., Cohen L., Espinoza J., et al: Value of holter monitoring in assessing cardiac arrhythmias in symptomatic patients. Am J Cardiol37:102-107, 1976
10.
Johansson BW : Long-term ECG in ambulatory clinical practice . Eur J Cardiol5:39-48, 1977
11.
Brodsky M., Wu D., Denes P., et al: Arrhythmias documented by 24-hour continuous electrocardiographic monitoring in 50 male medical students. Am J Cardio39:390-395, 1977
12.
Glasser S., Clark P., Applebaum H.: Occurrence of frequent complex arrhythmias detected by ambulatory monitoring . Chest75:565-568, 1979
13.
Hinkle LE, Carver ST, Stevens M.: The frequency of asymptomatic disturbances of cardiac rhythm and conduction in middle-aged men. Am J Cardiol24:629-630, 1969
14.
Clark PI, Glasser SP, Spoto E.: Arrhythmias detected by ambulatory monitoring. Chest77:722-725, 1980
15.
Zeldis SM, Levine JL, Michelson EL, Morganroth J.: Cardiovascular complaints. Correlation with cardiac arrhythmias on 24-hour electrocardiographic monitoring. Chest78:456-462, 1980
16.
Galumhusein S. , Naccarelli G., Ko P., et al: Value and limitations of clinical electrophysiologic study in assessment of patients with unexplained syncope . Am J Med73:700-705, 1983
17.
Hess D., Morady F., Scheinman M.: Electrophysiologic testing in the evaluation of patients with syncope of undetermined origin. Am J Cardiol50:1309-1315, 1982
18.
DiMarco J., Garan H., Harthorne JW, Ruskin J.: Intracardiac electrophysiologic techniques in recurrent syncope of unknown cause. Ann Intern Med95:542-548, 1981
19.
Dhingra RC, Amat-y-Leon F., Wyndham C., et al: Clinical significance of prolonged sinoatrial conduction time . Circulation55:8-15, 1977
20.
McAnulty JH , Murphy E., Rahimtoola SH: A prospective evaluation in intrahisian conduction delay. Circulation59:1035-1039, 1979
21.
Boudoulas H. , Schaal S., Lewis R.: Electrophysiologic risk factors of syncope . J Electrocardio11:339-342, 1978
22.
Furman S.: Cardiac pacing and pacemakers I. Indications for pacing bradyarrhythmias . Am Heart J93:523-530, 1977
23.
Krishnaswami V., Geraci A.: Permanent pacing in disorders of sinus node function. Am Heart J89:579-585, 1975
24.
Gann D., Tolentino A., Samet P.: Electrophysiologic evaluation of elderly patients with sinus bradycardia . Ann Intern Med90:24-29, 1979
25.
Wohl A., Laborde J., Atkins J., et al: Prognosis of patients permanently paced for sick sinus syndrome . Arch Intern Med136:406-407, 1976
26.
Grogler FM, Frank G., Greven G., et al: Complications of permanent transvenous cardiac pacing. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg69:895-904, 1975
Lemire G., Morin J., Dobell Arc: Pacemaker infections. A 12-year review. Can J Surg18:181-184, 1975
30.
Choo MH, Holmes DR, Gersh BJ, et al: Permanent pacemaker infections. Characterization and management . Am J Cardiol48:559-564, 1981
31.
Rubin RH, Fallon JT: CASE 36-1980. An 82-year-old man with pacemaker failure. N Engl J Med303:628-636, 1980
32.
Brewster GM , Evans AL: Displacement of pacemaker leads. A 10-year survey. Br Heart J42:266, 1979
33.
Chokshi D., Mascarenhas E., Samet P., Center S.: Treatment of sinoatrial rhythm disturbances with permanent cardiac pacing . Am J Cardiol32:215-220, 1973
34.
Gould L., Reddy Cvr, Maghezeh P., et al: Three hundred and fifty-three consecutive patients with permanent transvenous pacemakers. PACE3:452-455, 1980
35.
Kastor JA: Editorial. Preventive pacing. N Engl J Med307:180, 1982
36.
Hawthorne JW : CASE 1-1982. Atrioventricular heart block . N Engl J Med306: 32-39, 1982
37.
Beck JR, Pauker SG: The Markov process in medical prognosis. Med Decis Making3:419-458, 1983
38.
Beck JR, Salem DN, Pauker SG: The patient's perception of morbidity affects the pacing threshold . Clin Res30:295A, 1982