The Framing Dilemma: Quantitative Information,Shared Decision Making,and Nudging

Chou R Dana T Blazina I Daeges M Jeanne TL . Statins for prevention of cardiovascular disease in adults: evidence report and systematic review for the US Preventive Services Task Force. JAMA. 2016;316(19):2008–24.

Reyna VF Edelson S Hayes B Garavito D . Supporting health and medical decision-making: findings and insights from fuzzy-trace theory. Med Decis Making. 2022;42(6):741-54.

Peters E Shoots-Reinhard B . Numeracy and the motivational mind: the power of numeric self-efficacy. Med Decis Making. 2022:42(6):729-40.

US Preventive Services Task Force. Statin use for the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease in adults: US Preventive Services Task Force recommendation statement. JAMA. 2016;316(19):1997–2007.

Thaler RH Sunnstein CR . Nudge: Improving Decisions about Health, Wealth, and Happiness New Haven (CT): Yale University Press; 2008.

Hausman DM . Debate: to nudge or not to nudge. J Polit Philos. 2010;18(1):13.

Simkulet W . Nudging, informed consent and bullshit. J Med Ethics. 2018;44(8):536–42.

Saghai Y . Salvaging the concept of nudge. J Med Ethics. 2013;39(8):487–93.

Blumenthal-Barby J Ubel PA . Truth be told: not all nudging is bullshit. J Med Ethics. 2018;44(8):547.

Gorin M Joffe S Dickert N Halpern S . Justifying clinical nudges. Hastings Cent Rep. 2017;47(2):32–8.

Resnicow K Cately D Goggin K Hawley S Williams GC . Shared decision making in health care: theoretical perspectives for why it works and for whom. Med Decis Making. 2022;42(6):755-64.

Schneider C . The Practice of Autonomy: Patients, Doctors, and Medical Decisions. Oxford (UK): Oxford University Press; 1998.

Ubel PA . “What should I do, doc?” Some psychologic benefits of physician recommendations. Arch Intern Med. 2002;162(9):977–80.

Schwartz PH . Questioning the quantitative imperative: decision aids, prevention, and the ethics of disclosure. Hastings Cent Rep. 2011;41(2):30–9.