In 2003, Congress amended the Child Abuse Protection and Treatment Act (CAPTA) to require that all child victims of substantiated abuse or neglect under the age of 3 years be assessed for developmental concerns. To date, there has been little study of CAPTA’s implementation in Part C early intervention programs. The Professional Interventionist CAPTA Survey (PICS) was developed to assess perceptions of Part C providers related to serving children and families referred from child welfare. The PICS provides a measure of providers’ perceptions of the CAPTA mandate. Initial results of the PICS suggest that it holds promise for future implementation research and program assessment for Part C early childhood intervention related to CAPTA.
Aday L.A. ( 1996). Designing and conducting health surveys (2nd ed.). San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
2.
Bailey, D.B., Jr., Buysse, V., Smith, T., & Elam, J. ( 1992). The effects and perceptions of family involvement in program decisions about family-centered practices. Evaluation and Program Planning, 15, 23-32.
3.
Bentler, P.M. ( 1990). Comparative fit indexes in structural models. Psychological Bulletin, 107, 238-246.
4.
Biegel, D.E., Song, L.Y., & Milligan, S.E. (1995). A comparative analysis of family caregivers’ perceived relationships with mental health professionals . Psychiatric Services, 46(5), 477-482.
5.
Brand, S. ( 1996). Making parent involvement a reality: Helping teachers develop partnerships with patents. Young Children, 51, 76-81.
6.
Brotman, L.M., Gouley, K.K., Chesir-Teran, D., Dennis, T., Klein, R.G., & Shrout, P. ( 2005). Prevention for preschoolers at high risk for conduct problems: Immediate outcomes on parenting practices and child social competence . Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, 34, 724-734.
7.
Carmines, E., & Zeller, R. ( 1979). Reliability and validity (QASS 07-017). Beverly Hills, CA: Sage.
8.
Center to Inform Personnel Preparation Policy and Practice in Early Intervention and Early Childhood Special Education. ( 2005). Study I data report: The national landscape of early intervention in personnel preparation standards under Part C of the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act. Retrieved June 5, 2007, from http://www.uconnucedd.org/Publications/files/PPDataPartCweb.pdf
9.
Cicchetti, D., & Curtis, W.J. ( 2005). An event-related potential study of the processing of affective facial expressions in young children who experienced maltreatment during the first year of life. Development and Psychopathology , 17(3), 641-677.
10.
Converse, J., & Presser, S. ( 1986). Survey questions: Handcrafting the standardized questionnaire (QASS 07-063). Beverly Hills, CA: Sage.
11.
Council for Exceptional Children. (2001). Educating exceptional children: A statistical profile. Arlington, VA: Author.
12.
Cronbach, L.J. ( 1951). Coefficient α and the internal structure of tests . Psychometrika, 16, 297-335.
13.
Cross, L., & Billingsley, B. (1994). Testing a model of special educators’ intent to stay in teaching. Exceptional Children , 60, 411-421.
14.
Dinnebeil, L.A., Hale, L., & Rule, S. ( 1999). Early intervention program practices that support collaboration . Topics in Early Childhood Special Education, 19, 225-235.
15.
Dunst, C.J., Trivette, C.M., & Johanson, C. ( 1994). Parent-professional collaboration and partnerships. In C. J. Dunst, C. M. Trivette, & A. G. Deal (Eds.), Supporting and strengthening families, Volume 1: Methods, strategies, and practices (pp. 197-211). Cambridge, MA: Brookline.
16.
English, D.J., Upadhyaya, M.P., Litrownik, A.J., Marshall, J.M., Runyan, D.K., Graham, J.C., et al. (2005). Maltreatment’s wake: The relationship of maltreatment dimensions to child outcomes. Child Abuse & Neglect, 29, 597-619.
17.
Ernest, J., Sexton, D., Stricklin, S.B., Thompson, B., & Jardine, T. ( 1997, November). Changes in consumers’ family-centered early intervention perspectives over time. Paper presented at the annual International Division of Early Childhood Conference on Children With Special Needs and Their Families, New Orleans, LA.
18.
Faver, C.A., Crawford, S.L., & Combs-Orme, T. (1999). Services for child maltreatment: Challenges for research and practice. Children and Youth Services Review, 21(2), 89-109.
19.
Fowler, F., Jr. ( 2002). Survey research methods (3rd ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage .
20.
Friesen, B.J. ( 1989). Survey of parents whose children have serious emotional disorders: Report of a national survey. Portland, OR: Research and Training Center, Oregon State University.
21.
Friesen, B.J. ( 1993). Overview: Advances in child mental health. In H. C. Johnson (Ed.), Child mental health in the 1990s: Curricula for graduate and undergraduate professional education (pp. 12-16). Rockville, MD: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services.
22.
George, D., & Mallery, P. ( 2003). SPSS for Windows step by step: A simple guide and reference, 11.0 update (4th ed.). Boston : Allyn & Bacon.
23.
Glisson, C., & James, L.R. ( 2002). The cross-level effects of culture and climate in human service teams. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 23, 767-794.
24.
Graham, J.W., & Hofer, S.M. ( 2000). Multiple imputation in multivariate research. In T. D. Little, K. U. Schnabel, & J. Baumert (Eds.), Modeling longitudinal and multilevel data: Practical issues, applied approaches, and specific examples (pp. 201-218). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.
25.
Hair, J.F., Jr., Anderson, R.E., Tatham, R.L., & Black, W.C. ( 1998). Multivariate data analysis. New Jersey : Prentice Hall.
26.
Hatcher, L. ( 1994). A step-by-step approach to using the SAS system for factor analysis and structural equation modeling. Cary, NC: SAS Institute.
27.
Hebbeler, K., Spiker, D., Bailey, D., Scarborough, A., Mallik, S., Simeonsson, R., et al. (2007). Early intervention for infants and toddlers with disabilities and their families: Participants, services, and outcomes (Final report of the National Early Intervention Longitudinal Study). Menlo Park, CA: SRI International.
28.
Hedeker, D., Gibbons, R.D., & Flay, B.R. ( 1994). Random effects regression models for clustered data with an example from smoking prevention research. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 62, 757-765.
29.
Hemmelgarn, A.L., Glisson, C., & Dukes, D. ( 2001). Emergency room culture and the emotional support component of family-centered care. Children’s Health Care, 30(2), 93-110.
30.
Hu, L.T., & Bentler, P.M. ( 1999). Cutoff criteria for fit indices in covariance structure analysis: Conventional criteria versus new alternatives. Structural Equation Modeling, 6, 1-55.
31.
Johnson, H.C., Cournoyer, D.E., & Bond, B.M. ( 1995). Professional ethics and parents as consumers: How well are we doing? Families in Society, 76, 408-420.
32.
Johnson, H.C., & Renaud, E.F. ( 1997). Professional beliefs about parents of children with mental and emotional disabilities: A cross-discipline comparison. Journal of Emotional & Behavioral Disorders, 1(5), 149-152.
33.
Katz, L., & Bauch, J. ( 1999). The Peabody family involvement initiative: Preparing preservice teachers for family/school collaboration. The School Community Journal, 9, 49-69.
34.
Kim, J., & Mueller, C.W. ( 1978). Factor analysis: Statistical methods and practical issues (Quantitative Applications in the Social Sciences Series No. 14). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
35.
Leslie, L.K., Gordon, J.N., Lambros, K., Premji, K., Peoples, J., & Gist, K. ( 2005). Addressing the developmental and mental health needs of young children in foster care. Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, 26, 140-151.
36.
Lin, A.C. ( 1998). Bridging positivist and interpretivist approaches to qualitative methods. Policy Studies Journal, 26(1), 162-180.
37.
McGoey, K.E., DuPaul, G.J., Eckert, T.L., Volpe, R.J., & Van Brakle, J. (2005). Outcomes of a multi-component intervention for preschool children at-risk for attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Child & Family Behavior Therapy, 27(1), 33-56.
38.
McWilliam, R.A., Lang, D., Vandiviere, P., Angell, R., Collins, L., & Underdown, G. ( 1995). Satisfaction and struggles: Family perceptions of early intervention services. Journal of Early Intervention, 19, 43-60.
39.
Meyers, M.K., Glaser, B., & MacDonald, K. ( 1998). On the front lines of welfare delivery: Are workers implementing policy reforms? Journal of Policy Analysis and Management , 17(1), 1-22.
40.
National Survey of Child and Adolescent Well-Being. ( 2005, April). CPS sample component wave 1 data analysis report . Retrieved February 2006 from http://www.acf.hhs.gov/programs/opre/abuse_neglect/nscaw/reports/cps_sample/cps_reports_revised_090106.pdf
41.
Nunnally, J.C., & Bernstein, I.H. (1998). Psychometric theory (3rd ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill.
42.
O’Donnell, C.A. ( 2004). Attitudes and knowledge of primary care professionals towards evidence-based practice: a postal survey. Journal of Evaluation in Clinical Practice, 2, 197-205.
43.
Osher, T.W., & Osher, D.M. ( 2002). The paradigm shift to true collaboration with families . Journal of Child and Family Studies, 11, 47-60.
44.
Pigott, T.D. ( 2001). A review of methods for missing data. Educational Research and Evaluation, 7, 353-383.
45.
Pollak, S.D., Vardi, S., Bechner, A.M.P., & Curtin, J.J. ( 2005). Physically abused children’s regulation of attention in response to hostility. Child Development, 76(5), 968-977.
46.
Raudenbush, S.W., & Bryk, A.S. ( 2002). Hierarchical linear models: Applications and data analysis methods (2nd ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
47.
Sandfort, J. ( 1999). The structural impediments of human service collaboration: Examining welfare reform at the front lines. Social Service Review, 73(3), 314-339.
48.
Saunders, J.A., Morrow-Howell, N., Spitznagel, E., Dori, P., Proctor, E.K., & Pescarino, R. ( 2006). Imputing missing data: A comparison of methods for social work researchers. Social Work Research, 30(1), 19-31.
49.
Shackelford, J. ( 2006). State and jurisdictional eligibility definitions for infants and toddlers with disabilities under IDEA (NECTAC Notes No. 20). Chapel Hill: The University of North Carolina, FPG Child Development Institute, National Early Childhood Technical Assistance Center.
50.
Shonkoff, J., & Phillips, D. ( 2000). From neurons to neighborhoods: The science of early childhood development. Washington, DC: National Academy Press.
51.
Silverstein, M., Grossman, D.C., Koepsell, T.D., & Rivara, F.P. ( 2003). Pediatricians’ reported practices regarding early education and Head Start referral. Pediatrics, 111(6), 1351-1357.
52.
Steiger, J.H. ( 1990). Structural model evaluation and modification: An interval estimation approach. Multivariate Behavioral Research, 25, 173-180.
53.
Spiker, D., Hebbeler, K., Wagner, M., Cameto, R., & McKenna, P. ( 2000). A framework for describing variations in state early intervention systems. Topics in Early Childhood Intervention , 20(4), 195-206.
54.
Tabachnick, B.G., & Fidell, L.S. ( 2001). Using multivariate statistics (4th ed.). Needham Heights, MA: Allyn & Bacon.
55.
Tucker, L.R., & Lewis, C.A. ( 1973). A reliability coefficient for maximum likelihood factor analysis. Psychometrika, 38, 1-10.
56.
U.S. Census Bureau. (2005). National population estimates. Retrieved May 30, 2006, from http://www.census.gov/popest/national/asrh/NC-EST2005/NC-EST200-02.xls
57.
U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. ( 2005). The adoption and foster care analysis and reporting system report. Retrieved July 17, 2005, from http://www.acf.hhs.gov/programs/cb/publications/afcars/report10.htm
58.
U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. ( 2007). Child maltreatment 2005. Washington, DC: Author. Retrieved May 2007 from http://www.acf.hhs.gov/programs/cb/pubs/cm05/index.htm
59.
Westat Inc. (1993). A report on the maltreatment of children with disabilities. Washington, DC: National Center on Child Abuse and Neglect.
60.
Zeanah, C.H., Larrieu, J.A., Heller, S.S., Valliere, J., Hinshaw-Fuselier, S., Aoki, Y., et al. (2001). Evaluation of a preventive intervention for maltreated infants and toddlers in foster care. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 40, 214-221.
