Social communication and its disorder in autism and Asperger syndrome

Abstract

Keywords

autism Asperger syndrome social behaviour theory of mind

Get full access to this article

View all access options for this article.

References

American Psychiatric Association (1994) Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders, 4th edn (DSMIV). American Psychiatric Association , Washington, DC

Asperger H. (1994) Die 'autistischen Psychopathen' im Kindesalter . Arch Psychiatr Nervenkr 117: 76-136.

Translated by Frith U (1991) Translation and annotation of Autistic psychopathy' in childhood, by H. Asperger. In Frith U (ed.), Autism and Asperger syndrome. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, pp. 37-92

Bailey A.J. , Phillips W. , Rutter M. (1996) Autism: integrating clinical, genetic, neuropsychological, and neurobiological perspectives. J Child Psychol Psychiatr (in press)

Baron-Cohen S. , Leslie A.M. , Frith U. (1985) Does the autistic child have a "theory of mind "? Cognition 21: 37-46

Baron-Cohen S. , Leslie A.M. , Frith U. (1986) Mechanical, behavioural and intentional understanding of picture stories in autistic children. Br J Devel Psychol 4:113-125

Baron-Cohen S , Tager-Flusberg H , Cohen D (eds) (1993 ) Understanding other minds: perspectives from autism. Oxford University Press, Oxford.

Bishop D V M (1989) Autism, Asperger's syndrome and semantic-pragmatic disorder: Where are the boundaries? Br J Disord Commun 24: 107-121

Bishop D V M (1993) Annotation: autism, executive functions and theory of mind: a neuropsychological perspective. J Child Psychol Psychiatr 34: 279-293

10.

Bowler D.M. (1992) "Theory of mind" in Asperger's syndrome. J Child Psychol Psychiatr 33: 877-893

11.

Fletcher P. , Happé F. , Frith U. , Baker S.C. , Dolan R.J. , Frakowiak R S J , Frith C.D. (1996) Other minds in the brain: a functional imaging study of "theory of mind" in story comprehension. Cognition (in press)

12.

Frith U. (1989) Autism: explaining the enigma. Blackwell, Oxford

13.

Frith U. , Happé F. (1994) Autism: beyond "theory of mind." Cognition 50: 115-132

14.

Frith U. , Morton J. , Leslie A.M. (1991) The cognitive basis of a biological disorder: autism . Trends Neurosci 14: 433-438

15.

Frith U. , Happé F. , Siddons F. (1994) Theory of mind in everyday life. Soc Dev 3: 108-124

16.

Gillberg C. (1991) Clinical and neurobiological aspects of Asperger syndrome in six family studies. In Frith U (ed.), Autism and Asperger syndrome. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, pp.122-146

17.

Gillberg C.L. , Coleman M. (1992) The biology of the autistic syndromes, 2nd edn. MacKeith Press, London

18.

Happé F G E (1991) The autobiographical writings of three Asperger syndrome adults: problems of interpretation and implications for theory. In Frith U (ed.), Autism and Asperger syndrome. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, pp. 207-242

19.

Happé F G E (1993) Communicative competence and theory of mind in autism: a test of relevance theory. Cognition 48: 101-119

20.

Happé F G E (1994a) Autism. An introduction to psychological theory . University College Press, London

21.

Happé F G E (1994b) An advanced test of theory of mind: understanding of story characters' thoughts and feelings by able autistic, mentally handicapped and normal children and adults. J Autism Devel Disord 24: 129-154

22.

Happé F G E (1995) The role of verbal ability in the theory of mind task performance of autistic subjects. Child Dev 66: 843-855

23.

Happé F. , Frith U. (1995) Theory of mind in autism. In Schopler E , Mesibov G B (eds), Learning and cognition in autism. Plenum Press, New York, pp. 177-197

24.

Hughes C.H. , Russell J. (1993) Autistic children's difficulty with mental disengagement from an object: its implications for theories of autism. Devel Psychol 29: 498-510

25.

Kanner L. (1943) Autistic disturbances of affective contact. Nervous Child 2: 217-250

26.

Kerbeshian J. , Burd L. , Fisher W. (1990) Asperger's syndrome: to be or not to be? Br J Psychiatr 156: 721-725

27.

Klin A. , Volkmar F.R. , Sparrow S.S. (1992) Autistic social dysfunction: some limitations of the theory of mind hypothesis. J Child Psychol Psychiatr 33: 861-876

28.

Leslie A.M. (1987) Pretence and representation: the origins of "Theory of Mind". Psychol Rev 94: 412-426

29.

Leslie A.M. (1988) Some implications of pretence for mechanisms underlying the child's theory of mind. In Astington J W , Harris P L , Olson D R (eds), Developing theories of mind. Cambridge University Press, New York, pp. 19-46

30.

Leslie A.M. , Frith U. (1988) Autistic children's understanding of seeing, knowing and believing. Br J Devel Psychol 6: 315-324

31.

Leslie A.M. , Roth D. ( 1993) What autism teaches us about metarepresentation. In Baron-Cohen S , Tager-Flusberg H , Cohen D J (eds), Understanding other minds: perspectives from autism. Oxford University Press, Oxford, pp. 83-111

32.

Leslie A.M. , Thaiss L. (1992) Domain specificity in conceptual development: evidence from autism. Cognition 43: 225-251

33.

Newson E. , Dawson M. , Everard P. (1984) The natural history of able autistic people: their management and functioning in social context. Summary of the report to DHSS in four parts. Communication 8: 1-4, 19: 1-2

34.

Ozonoff S. (1995) Executive functions in autism. In Schopler E , Mesibov G B (eds), Learning and cognition in autism. Plenum Press, New York, pp. 199-219

35.

Ozonoff S. , Pennington B.F. , Rogers S.J. (1991) Executive function deficits in high-functioning autistic children: relationship to theory of mind. J Child Psychol Psychiatr 32: 1081-1106

36.

Ozonoff S. , Rogers S.J. , Pennington B.F. (1991) Asperger's syndrome: evidence of an empirical distinction from high-functioning autism. J Child Psychol Psychiatr 32: 1107-1122

37.

Perner J. , Frith U. , Leslie A.M. , Leekam S.R. (1989) Exploration of the autistic child's theory of mind: knowledge, belief, and communication. Child Dev 60: 689-700

38.

RumseyJ M. , Hamburger S.D. (1988) Neuropsychological findings in high-functioning men with infantile autism, residual state. J Clin Exp Neuropsychol 10: 201-221

39.

Schopler E. (1985) Convergence of learning disability, higher-level autism and Asperger's syndrome. J Autism Devel Disord 15: 359

40.

Schopler E , Mesibov G B (eds) (1992) High-functioning individuals with autism . Plenum Press, New York

41.

Sigman M. , Ungerer JA (1984) Attachment behaviour in autistic children. J Autism Dev Disord 14: 231-244

42.

Sodian B. , Frith U. (1992) Deception and sabotage in autistic, retarded and normal children. J Child Psychol Psychiatr 33: 591-605

43.

Sperber D. , Wilson D. (1986) Relevance: communication and cognition. Blackwell, Oxford

44.

Szatmari P. , Tuff L. , Finlayson M A J , Bartolucci G. (1990) Asperger's syndrome and autism: neurocognitive aspects. J Am Acad Child Adolescent Psychiatr 29: 130-136

45.

Tantam D J H (1988) Asperger's syndrome. An annotation. J Child Psychol Psychiatr 29: 245-255

46.

Tantam D J H (1991) Asperger's syndrome in adulthood. In Frith U (ed.), Autism and Asperger syndrome . Cambridge University Press, Cambridge , pp.147-183

47.

Venter A. , Lord C. , Schopler E. (1992) A follow-up study of high-functioning autistic children. J Child Psychol Psychiatr 33: 489-507

48.

Wimmer H. , Perner J. (1983) Beliefs about beliefs: representation and the constraining function of wrong beliefs in young children's understanding of deception. Cognition 13: 103-128

49.

Wing L. ( 1991) The relationship between Asperger's syndrome and Kanner's autism. In Frith U (ed.), Autism and Asperger syndrome. Cambridge University Press , Cambridge, pp. 93-121

50.

Wing L. ( 1993) The definition and prevalence of autism: a review. Eur Child Adolescent Psychiatr 2: 61-74

51.

Wing L. , Gould J. (1979) Severe impairments of social interaction and associated abnormalities in children: epidemiology and classification. J Autism Devel Disord 9: 11-29

52.

Wing L. , Gould J. , Yeates S.R. , Brierley L.M. (1977) Symbolic play in severely mentally retarded and autistic children. J Child Psychol Psychiatr 18: 167-178

53.

Wolff S. , Barlow A. (1979) Schizoid personality in childhood: a comparative study of schizoid, autistic and normal children. Br J Psychol Psychiatr 20: 29-46

54.

Wolff S. , Chick J. (1980) Schizoid personality in childhood: a controlled follow-up study. Psychol Med 10: 85-100

55.

World Health Organization (1987) Mental disorders: a glossary and guide to their classification in accordance with the 10th revision of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10) . World Health Organization, Geneva

56.

Wulff S.B. (1985) The symbolic and object play of children with autism: a review. J Autism Devel Disord 15: 139-148