Measurement of joint motion

Smith DS Measurement of joint motion - an overview. Clinics in Rheum Dis 1982; 8: 523-32.

Gajdosik RL , Bohannon RW Clinical measurement of range of motion: review of goniometry emphasizing reliability and validity. Phys Ther 1987; 67: 1867-72.

Ekstrand J. , Wiktorsson M. , Oberg B. , Gillquist J. Lower extremity goniometric measurements: a study to determine their reliability . Arch Phy Med Rehabil 1982; 63: 171-75.

Johnson F. The knee - measurement of joint movement. Clin Rheum Dis 1982; 8: 677-702.

Elveru RA , Rothstein JM , Lamb RL Goniometric reliability in a clinical setting: subtalar and ankle joint measurements . Phys Ther 1988; 68: 672-77.

Rothstein JM , Miller P. , Roettger R. Goniometric reliability in a clinical setting: elbow and knee measurements. Phy Ther 1983 ; 63: 1611-15.

Waugh KG , Minkel JL , Parker R. , Coon VA Measurement of selected hip, knee and ankle joint motion in newborns. Phys Ther 1983; 63: 1616-21.

Fish DR , Wingate L. Sources of goniometric error at the elbow. Phys Ther 1985; 65: 1666-70.

Gogia PP , Braatz JH , Rose SJ , Norton BJ Reliability and validity of goniometric measurements at the knee. Phys Ther 1987; 67: 192-95.

Amis AA , Miller JH The elbow- measurement of joint movement. Clin Rheum Dis 1982; 8: 571-93.

Anderson Jad. The thoraco-lumbar spine-measurement of joint movement. Clin Rheum Dis 1982; 8: 631-53.

Riddle DL , Rothstein JM , Lamb RL Goniometric reliability in a clinical setting: shoulder measurements. Phys Ther 1988; 67: 668-73.

Elveru RA , Rothstein JM , Lamb RL , Riddle DL Methods of taking subtalar joint measurements. Phys Ther 1988; 68: 678-81.

Boone DC , Azen SP , Lim CM Reliability of goniometric measurements. Phys Ther 1978; 58: 1355-60.

Ellis MI , Stowe J. The hip — measurement of joint movement. Clin Rheum Dis 1982; 8: 655-75.

Bohannon RW , Gajdosik RL , Le Veau BF Relationship of pelvic and thigh motions during unilateral and bilateral hip flexion. Phys Ther 1985; 65: 1501-504.

Enwemeka CS Radiographic verification of knee goniometry . Scand J Rehab Med 1986; 18: 47-49.

Smith AJ Photographic analysis of movement. In Grieve et al. eds, Techniques for the analysis of human movement , London: Lupus Books, 1975.

Soderberg GL , Gabel RH A light-emitting diode system for the analysis of gait: a method and selected clinical examples. Phys Ther 1978; 58: 426-32.

Stauffer RN , Chao Eys , Brewster RC Force and motion analysis of the normal, diseased and prosthetic ankle joint. Clin Orthop 1977 ; 127: 189-96.

Stauffer RN , Chao Eys , Gyory AN Biomechanical gait analysis of the diseased knee joint. Clin Orthop 1977; 126: 246-55.

Langrana NA Spatial kinematic analysis of the upper extremity using a biplanar videotaping method. J Biomech Eng 1981; 103: 11-17.

Mitchelson DL Recording of movement without photography. In: Grieve DW et al. eds, Techniques for the analysis of human movement, London: Lupus Books, 1975: 33-65.

Karpovich PV , Karpovich GP Electrogoniometer: a new device for study of joints in action (abstract). Federation Proceedings 1959; 18: 79.

Brinkman JR , Perry J. Rate and range of knee motion during ambulation in healthy and arthritic subjects . Phys Ther 1985; 65: 1055-60.

Nicol AC A flexible electrogoniometer with widespread applications. In: Jonsson B ed, Biomechanics XB, Illinois: Human Kinetics Pub, 1987 : 1029-33.

Lamoreux L. Kinematic measurements in the study of human walking. Bull Prosthetic Res 1971; 10-15: 3-84.

Chao Eys. Justification of the use of a triaxial electrogoniometer for the measurement of joint rotation. J Biomech 1980; 13: 989-1006.

Gore TA , Higginson GR , Steven J. The kinematics of hip joints: normal functioning. Clin Phys Physiol Meas 1984; 5: 233-52.

Isacson J. , Gransberg L. , Knutsson E. Three dimensional electrogoniometric gait recording. J Biomech 1986; 19: 627-35.

Townsend MA , Izak M. , Jackson RW Total motion knee goniometry. J Biomech 1977; 10: 183-93.

Nicol AC A triaxial flexible electrogoniometer. In: eds, Biomechanics X1, Amsterdam: Free University, 1988 (in press).

Jansen E. , Orbaek K. Reproducability of gait measurement using the Lamoreux goniometer. Prosthet Orth Int 1980; 4: 159-61.

Gore TA , Higginson GR , Stevens J. Measurement of movement in hip disease. Eng in Med 1985; 14: 179-89.

Fujita M. , Matsusaka, Norimatsu T et al. Motion and role of the MP joints in walking. In: Matsui H , Kobiyachi K eds, Biomechanics V111 A, Illinois: Human Kinetics, 1987: 467-70.

Murray MP , Gore DR , Laney WH , Gardner GM , Mollinger LA Kinesiologic measurements of functional performance before and after double compartment Marmor arthroplasty. Clin Orthop 1983; 173: 191-99.

Murray MP , Gore DR , Brewer BJ , Gardner GM , Sepic SB A comparison of the functional performance of patients with Charnley and Muller total hip replacement. Acta Orthop Scand 1979 ; 50: 563-69.

Finley FR , Karpovich PV Electrogoniometric analysis of normal and pathological gaits. Res Quart 1964; 35 (Suppl): 379-84.

Krebs DE , Edelstein JE , Fishman S. Reliability of observational kinematic gait analysis. Phys Ther 1985; 65: 1027-33.

Grieve DW The assessment of gait. Physiotherapy 1969 ; 55: 452-60.

Hershler C. , Milner M. Angle-angle diagrams in the assessment of locomotion. Am J Phys Med 1980; 59: 109-25.

Hershler C. , Milner M. Angle-angle diagrams in above knee amputee and cerebral palsy gait. Am J Phys Med 1980 ; 59: 165-83.

Arnell P. , Johnson F. , Oborne J. The use of quantitative evaluation of joint function during locomotion. In: Winter et al. eds, Biomechanics IXA, Illinois: Human Kinetics, 1985: 544-49.

de Bruin H. , Russell DJ , Latter JE , Sadler Jts. Angle-angle diagrams in monitoring and quantification of gait patterns for children with cerebral palsy. Am J Phys Med 1982; 61: 176-92.

Penny and Giles Blackwood Ltd, Pontllanfraith, Blackpool, Gwent NP2 2YD, UK.

Rowe PJ , Nicol AC , Kelly IG The clinical assessment of function following total hip replacement. Proceedings of European Society of Biomechanics, Bristol, 1988 (in press).

Macmillan FS , Nicol AC , Souter WA Elbow activity in the rheumatoid patient pre and post Souter-Strathclyde elbow replacement. Proceedings of European Society of Biomechanics, Bristol, 1988 (in press).

Souter WA Trochlear stirrup arthroplasty of the rheumatoid elbow. In: Kashiwagi ed, Elbow joint, Elsevier Science Publishers BV, 1985: 305-11.