To assess the use of two-dimensional laser Doppler perfusion imaging in the quantification of venous skin damage.
Design:
Comparison of disease group with control group.
Setting:
Department of Medicine, Hôpital du Nord, Grenoble, France.
Subjects:
Six patients (nine limbs) with lipodermatosclerosis (LDS) due to duplex-proven venous insufficiency and six controls subjects (11 limbs).
Interventions:
Perfusion images were collected at rest, after venous hypertension and after skin heating.
Main outcome measures:
Mean skin perfusion (mV).
Results:
An increased basal flux at rest was found in lipsclerotic skin (1.6 V) compared with controls (0.94, V, 95% CI = 0.16–1.48). An impairment of hyperaemic responsiveness to heat was also shown (factor of increase = 1.87 (LDS) compared with 3.28 (controls); 95% CI = 0.85–2.44).
BrowseNLBurnandKGLea ThomasM. Diseases of the veins. London: Edward Arnold. 1988.
2.
NicolaidesANZukowskiALewisRKyprianouPMaloufGM. Venous pressure measurements in venous problems. In: BerganJJYaoJST, Editors. Surgery of the veins. Orlando: Grune & Stratton, 1985.
3.
RajuSFredericksR. Valve reconstruction procedures for nonobstructive venous insufficiency: Rationale, techniques, and results in 107 procedures with two- to eight-year follow-up. J Vasc Surg1988; 7: 301–10.
4.
BelcaroG. Microvascular evaluation by laser-Doppler flowmetry of the effects of Centellase in the treatment of severe venous hypertension and leg ulcers. Phlebology1987; 2: 189–95.
5.
CheatleTRStibeECLShamiSKScurrJHSmithPD Coleridge. Vasodilatory capacity of the skin in venous disease and its relationship to transcutaneous oxygen tension. Br J Surg1991; 78: 607–10.
6.
ClyneCACRamsdenWHChantADBWebsterJHH. Oxygen tension on the skin of the gaiter area of limbs with the venous disease. Br J Surg1998; 72: 644–7.
7.
OuigleyFGFarisJB. Transcutaneous oxygen potentials in venous disease. Aust NZ J Surg1989; 59: 165–8.
8.
CheatleTRShamiSKStibeECLSmithPD ColeridgeScurrJH. Vasomotion in venous disease. J R Soc Med1991; 84: 261–3.
9.
TannerRCherryGWHaleCRyanTJ. Impaired hyperaemic response in the microcirculation in patients with venous leg ulcers. Br J Dermatol1989; 121 (Suppl 34): 45.
10.
TenlandTSalerudEGNilssonGEObergPA. Spatial and temporal variations in human skin blood flow. Int J Microcirc Clin Exp1983; 2: 81–90.
11.
WardellKJakobssonANilssonGE. Imaging of tissue perfusion by dynamic light scattering. IEEE Trans Biomed Engl1993 (In press).
12.
RivaCRossBBenedekGB. Laser Doppler measurements of blood flow in capillary tubes and retinal arteries. Invest Ophthalmol1972; 11: 936–44.
13.
TanakaTRivaCBen-SiraI. Blood velocity measurements in human retinal vessels. Science1974; 186: 830–1.
14.
SternMD. In vivo evaluation of microcirculation by coherent light scattering. Nature1975; 254: 56–8.
NilssonGETenlandTObergPA. A new instrument for continuous measurement of tissue blood flow by light beating spectroscopy. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng BME–27: 12–9.
17.
NilssonGETenlandTObergPA. Evaluation of a laser Doppler flowmeter for measurement of tissue blood flow. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng1980; BME–27: 597–604.
18.
TenlandTSalerudEGNilssonGEObergPA. Spatial and temporal variations in human skin blood flow. Int J Microcirc Clin Exp1983; 2: 81–90.
19.
TookeJEOstergrenJFagrellB. Synchronous assessment of human skin microcirculation. Int J Microcirc Clin Exp1983; 2: 277–84.
20.
LowPANeumannCDyckPJFealeyRD. Evaluation of skin vasomotor reflexes by using laser Doppler velocimetry. Mayo Clin Proc1983; 58: 583–92.
21.
RaymanGWilliamsSASpencerPDSmajeLHWisePHTookeJE. Impaired microvascular hyperaemic responses to minor skin trauma in type 1 diabetes. Br Med J1986; 292: 1295–8.
22.
RaymanGHassanATookeJE. Blood flow in the skin of the foot related to posture in diabetes mellitus. Br Med J1986; 292: 87–90.
23.
RanftJHeidrichHPetersATrampischH. Laser-Doppler in persons with healthy vasculature and in patients with peripheral arterial occlusive disease. Angiology1986; 37: 818–27.
24.
OstergrenJSchopsPFagrellB. Evaluation of a laser Doppler multiprobe for detecting skin microcirculatory disturbances in patients with obliterative arteriosclerosis. Int Angiol1988; 7: 37–41.
25.
PetersKSindrupJHPetersonLJOlivariusFDanielsenLKristensenJK. Lower leg subcutaneous blood flow rate during walking and passive dependency in chronic venous insufficiency. Br J Dermatol1991; 124: 177–80.
26.
SindrupJHKastrupJKristensenJK. Diurnal variation in lower leg subcutaneous blood flow rate in patients with chronic venous leg ulcers. Br J Dermatol1991; 125: 436–42.
27.
ShamiSK. Peripheral neuropathy and regulation of skin blood flow in chronic venous insufficiency. MSC Thesis, Univ. of London, 1992.
28.
LancasterJLucarottiMMitchellALeaperD. Laser Doppler flowmetric and waveform changes in patients with venous reflux. Phlebology1988; 3: 69–72.
29.
HenriksenOSejrsenP. Local reflex in microcirculation in human cutaneous tissue. Acta Physiol Scand1976; 98: 227–31.
30.
AllenAJWrightDIIMcCollumCNTookeJE. Impaired postural vasoconstriction: A contributary cause for oedema in patients with chronic venous insufficiency. Phlebology1988; 3: 163–8.
31.
ShamiSKShieldsDAFarrahJScurrJHSmithPD Coleridge. Peripheral nerve function in chronic venous insufficiency. Eur J Vasc Surg1993; 7: 195–9.
