Thrombo-resistance of mesothelial grafts was evaluated by replacing the inferior vena cava in 16 dogs. In 10 dogs, treated by antiplatelet aggregation agents, uniform graft thrombosis happened within 15 days. In six other dogs, the addition of an arterio-venous fistula produced conditions of flow (1385 ± 178 ml/min; mean ± s.e.m.) and velocity (17.1 ± 4.5 cm/s) closer to human values and markedly improved the patency rates (four patent over six up to 6 months P < 0.02). Light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy studies performed on the patent grafts showed well preserved mesothelial cells. Mesothelial fibrinolytic activity was 1160 ± 257 tissue activator units/g tissue before and 846 ± 142 activator units/g tissue after implantation (P = n.s.). Prostaglandin synthesis by native mesothelium was respectively 252 ± 103 and 7 ± 3 pg/ml/mg wet tissue/min for 6-keto-PGF1α and TXB2. The synthesis was reduced for 6-keto-PGF1α in the patent grafts but unaltered for TXB2, This work puts forward the suggestion that mesothelium is a promising venous substitute in conditions of high flow.
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