Adult extracorporeal membrane oxygenation for severe respiratory failure

Rashkind WJK , Freeman A , Klein D et al. Evaluation of a disposable plastic, low-volume, pumpless oxygenator as a lung substitute . J Pediatr 1965; 66: 94-102 .

Bartlett RH , Gazzaniga AB , Jeffries MR et al. Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) cardiopulmonary support in infancy . Trans Am Soc Artif Intern Organs 1976; 22: 80-93 .

Bartlett RH , Gazzaniga AB , Wetmore NE et al. Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) in the treatment of cardiac and respiratory failure in children . Trans Am Soc Artif Intern Organs 1980; 26: 578-581 .

Bartlett RH , Andrews AF , Toomasian JM et al. Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation for newborn respiratory failure: forty-five cases . Surgery 1982; 92: 425-433 .

Kirkpatrick BV , Krummel TM , Mueller DG et al. Use of extracorporeal membrane oxygenator for respiratory failure in term infants . Pediatrics 1983; 72: 872-876 .

Dorson W Jr , Meyer B , Baker E et al. Response of distressed infants to partial bypass lung assist . Trans Am Soc Artif Intern Organs 1970; 16: 345-351 .

White JJ , Andrews HG , Risember H et al. Prolonged respiratory support in newborn infants with a membrane oxygenator . Surgery 1971; 70: 288-296 .

Pyle RB , Helton WC , Johnson FW et al. Clinical use of membrane oxygenator . Arch Surg 1975; 110: 966-970 .

Hill JD , O’Brien TG , Murray JJ et al. Prolonged extracorporeal oxygenation for acute post-traumatic respiratory failure (shock-lung syndrome). Use of the Bramson membrane lung . N Engl J Med 1972; 286: 629-634 .

Zapol WM , Snider MT , Hill JD et al. Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in severe acute respiratory failure. A randomized prospective study . J Am Med Assoc 1979; 242: 2193-2196 .

Bartlett RH , Rolloff DW , Cornell RG , Andrews AF , Dillon PW , Zwischenberger JB. Extracorporeal circulation in neonatal respiratory failure: a prospective randomized study . Pediatrics 1985; 76: 479-487 .

O’Rourke PT , Crone RK , Bavanti JP et al. Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) and conventional medical therapy in neonates with persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn: a prospective randomized study . Pediatrics 1989; 84: 957-967 .

Gattinoni L , Pesenti A , Mascheroni D et al. Low-frequency positive-pressure ventilation with extracorporeal CO2 removal in severe acute respiratory failure . J Am Med Assoc 1986; 256: 881-886 .

Anderson HL III , Delius RE , Sinard JM et al. Early experience with adult Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation in the modern era . Ann Thorac Surg 1992; 53: 553-563 .

Toomasian JM , Snedecor SM , Cornell RG , Cilley RE , Bartlett RH. National experience with newborn respiratory failure: data from 715 cases . Trans Am Soc Artif Intern Organs 1988; 34: 140-147 .

Zwischenberger JB , Toomasian JM , Drake K , Andrews AF , Kolobow T , Bartlett RH. Total respiratory support with single cannula venovenous ECMO: double lumen continuous flow vs. single lumen tidal flow . Trans Am Soc Artif Intern Organs 1985; 31: 610-615 .

Anderson HL III , Otso T , Chapman RA et al. Venovenous extracorporeal life support in neonates using a double lumen catheter . Trans Am Soc Artif Intern Organs 1989; 35: 650-653 .

Stolar CJ , Snedecor SM , Bartlett RH. Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation and neonatal respiratory failure: experience from the Extracorporeal Life Support Organization . J Pediatr Surg 1991; 26: 563-571 .

Zwischenberger JB , Cox CS. ECMO in the management of cardiac failure . Trans Am Soc Artif Intern Organs 1992; 38: 751-753 .

O’Rourke PP , Stolar CJH , Zwischenberger JB , Snedecor SM , Bartlett RH. Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation: support for overwhelming pulmonary failure in the pediatric population. Collective experience from the Extracorporeal Life Support Organization . J Pediatr Surg 1993; 28: 523-529 .

Zwischenberger JB , Nguyen TT , Upp Jr JR et al. Complications of neonatal extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. Collective experience from the Extracorporeal Life Support Organization . J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 1994; 107: 838-849 .

ECMO registry report of the Extracorporeal Life Support Organization, Ann Arbor, MI, July 1997.

Rich PB , Awad SS , Kolla S. Treatment of severe adult respiratory failure with a standardized protocol utilizing lung protection and extracorporeal life support . Chest 1997 (in press).

Pierce EC. Is extracorporeal membrane oxygenation a viable technique? Ann Thorac Surg 1981; 31: 102-104 .

Kolobow T. An update on adult extracorporeal membrane oxygenation-extracorporeal CO2 removal . Trans Am Soc Artif Intern Organs 1988; 34: 1004-1005 .

MacDonnell KF , Moon HS , Sekar TS , Ahluwalia MP. Extracorporeal membrane oxygenator support in a case of severe status asthmaticus . Ann Thorac Surg 1981; 31: 171-175 .

Shapiro MB , Kleaveland AC , Bartlett RH. Extracorporeal life support for status asthmaticus . Chest 1993; 103: 1651-1654 .

Conrad SA. Selection criteria for use of ECMO in adults. In: Zwischenberger JB , Bartlett RH eds. ECMO. Extracorporeal cardiopulmonary support in critical care. Ann Arbor, MI: Extracorporeal Life Support Organization , 1995: 385-400.

Anderson H III , Steimle C , Shapiro M et al. Extracorporeal life support for adult cardiorespiratory failure . Surgery 1993; 114: 161-173 .

Kolla S , Awad SS , Rich PB , Schreiner RJ , Hirschl RB , Bartlett RH. Extracorporeal life support for 100 adult patients with severe respiratory failure . Ann Surg 1997; 226: 544-566 .

Tracy Jr TF , DeLosh T , Stolar CJH. The Registry of the Extracorporeal Life Support Organization. In: Zwischenberger JB , Bartlett RH eds. ECMO. Extracorporeal cardiopulmonary support in critical care. Ann Arbor, MI: Extracorporeal Life Support Organization , 1995: 251-260.

Bartlett RH , Morris AH , Fairley HB , Hirsch R , O’Connor N , Pontoppidan H. A prospective study of acute hypoxic respiratory failure . Chest 1986; 89: 684-689 .

Murray JF , Matthay MA , Luce JM , Flick MR. An expanded definition of the adult respiratory distress syndrome . Am Rev Respir Dis 1988; 138: 720-723 .

Bernard GR , Artigas A , Brigham KL et al. The American-European Consensus Conference on ARDS. Definitions, mechanisms, relevant outcomes and clinical trial coordination . Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1994; 149: 818-824 .

Tomashefski TF. Pulmonary pathology of the adult respiratory distress syndrome . Clin Chest Med 1990; 11: 593-619 .

Cox CS , Zwischenberger JB , Graves D , Raymond G. Mortality from severe adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) remains unchanged . Am Rev Resp Dis 1992; 145: A-83-A-83 .

Hirschl RB , Pranikoff T , Wise C et al. Initial experience with partial liquid ventilation in adult patients with the acute respiratory distress syndrome . J Am Med Assoc 1996; 275: 383-389 .

Hirschl RB , Tooley R , Parent A , Johnson A , Bartlett RH. Evaluation of gas exchange, pulmonary compliance, and lung injury during total and partial liquid ventilation in the acute respiratory distress syndrome . Crit Care Med 1996; 24: 1001-1008 .

Rossaint R , Gerlach H , Schmidt-Ruhnke H et al. Efficacy of inhaled nitric oxide in patients with severe ARDS . Chest 1995; 107: 1107-1115 .

McIntyre Jr RC , Moore FA , Moore EE , Piedalue F , Haenel JS , Fullerton DA. Inhaled nitric oxide variably inproves oxygenation and pulmonary hypertension in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome . J Trauma 1995; 39: 418-425 .

Bigatello LM , Hurford WE , Kacmarek RM , Roberts Jr JD , Zapol WM. Prolonged inhalation of low concentrations of nitric oxide in patients with severe adult respiratory distress syndrome. Effects on pulmonary hemodynamics and oxygenation . Anesthesiology 1994; 80: 761-770 .

Gattinoni L , Pesanti A , Avalli L , Rossi F , Bombino M. Pressure-volume curves of total respiratory system in acute respiratory failure. Computed tomographic scan study . Am Rev Respir Dis 1987; 136: 730-736 .

Hickling KG , Henderson SJ , Jackson R. Low mortality associated with low volume pressure limited ventilation with permissive hypercapnia in severe adult respiratory distress syndrome . Inten Care Med 1990; 16: 372-377 .

Hickling KG , Walsh J , Henderson S , Jackson R. Low mortality rate in adult respiratory distress syndrome using low-volume, pressure-limited ventilation with permissive hypercapnia: a prospective study . Crit Care Med 1994; 22: 1568-1578 .

Nahum A , Burke WC , Ravenscraft SA et al. Lung mechanics and gas exchange during pressure control ventilation in dogs: augmentation of CO2 elimination by an intratracheal catheter . Am Rev Respir Dis 1992; 146: 965-973 .

Ravenscraft SA , Burke WC , Nahum A et al. Tracheal gas insufflation augments CO2 clearance during mechanical ventilation . Am Rev Respir Dis 1993; 148: 345-351 .

Bone RC. Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation for acute respiratory failure [Editorial] . J Am Med Assoc 1986; 256: 910-910 .

Bartlett RH. Extracorporeal life support for cardiopulmonary failure . Curr Prob Surg 1990; 27: 623-705 .

Bartlett RH , Anderson HL III. Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation revisited, revisited [Letter] . Ann Thorac Surg 1992; 53: 738-742 .

Keszler M , Kolobow T. Venovenous ECMO. In: Arensman RM , Cornish JD eds. Extracorporeal life support. Cambridge, MA: Blackwell Scientific , 1993: 262-273.

Shearer I , Darling E , Mault JR. Venovenous extracorporeal life support-clinical experience with a dual lumen cannula . Proc Am Acad Cardiovasc Perfusion 1992; 13: 36-42 .

Brunston RL Jr , Tao W , Bidani A , Cardenas VJ , Traber DL , Zwischenberger JB. Complete carbon dioxide removal using an extracorporeal arteriovenous shunt following smoke inhalation in sheep [Abstract] . Proc Am Burn Assoc 1996; 28: 50-50 .

Tao W , Brunston RL Jr , Bidani A et al. Significant reduction in minute ventilation and peak airway pressure with arteriovenous carbon dioxide removal during acute respiratory failure . Crit Care Med 1997; 25: 689-695 .

Bartlett RH , Gazzaniga AB , Toomasian J et al. Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) in neonatal respiratory failure. 100 cases . Ann Surg 1986; 204: 236-245 .

Pesenti A , Gattinoni L , Bombino M. Long term extracorporeal respiratory support: 20 years progress . Inten Crit Care Digest 1993; 12: 15-18 .

Bartlett RH. Management of ECLS in adult respiratory failure. In: Zwischenberger JB , Bartlett RH eds. ECMO. Extracorporeal cardiopulmonary support in critical care. Ann Arbor, MI: Extracorporeal Life Support Organization , 1995: 401-414.

Shanley CJ , Bartlett RH. The management of acute respiratory failure . Curr Opin Gen Surg 1994: 7-16 .

Gattinoni L , Pesenti A , Bombino M , Pelosi P , Brazzi L. Role of extracorporeal circulation in adult respiratory distress syndrome . New Horizons 1993; 1: 603-612 .

Brunet F , Belghith M , Mira J-P et al. Extracorporeal carbon dioxide removal and low-frequency positive-pressure ventilation. Improvement in arterial oxygenation with reduction of risk of pulmonary barotrauma in patients with adult respiratory distress syndrome . Chest 1993; 104: 889-898 .

Wetterberg T , Steen S. Total extracorporeal lung assist - a new clinical approach . Inten Care Med 1991; 17: 73-77 .

Fjalldal O , Torfason B , Onundarson PT et al. Prolonged total extracorporeal lung assistance without systemic heparinization . Acta Anaesthesiol Scand 1993; 37: 115-120 .

Uziel L , Cugno M , Fabrizi I , Pesenti A , Gattinoni L , Agostoni A. Physiopathology and management of coagulation during long term extracorporeal respiratory assistance . Int J Artif Organs 1990; 13: 280-287 .

Brunet F , Mira JP , Belghith M et al. Effects of aprotinin on hemorrhagic complications in ARDS patients during prolonged extracorporeal CO2 removal . Inten Care Med 1992; 18: 364-367 .

McCoy-Pardington D , Judd WJ , Knafl P et al. Blood use during extracorporeal membrane oxygenation . Transfusion 1990; 30: 307-309 .

Morris AH , Wallace CJ , Menlove RL et al. Randomized clinical trial of pressure-controlled inverse ratio ventilation and extracorporeal CO2 removal for adult respiratory distress syndrome . Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1994; 149: 295-305 .

Egan TM , Duffin J , Glynn MF et al. Ten-year experience with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation for severe respiratory failure . Chest 1988; 94: 681-687 .

Hill JD , deLeval MR , Fallat RJ et al. Acute respiratory insufficiency treatment with prolonged extracorporeal oxygenation . J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 1972; 64: 551-562 .

Lewandonski K , Lewandonski M , Pappert D , Falke KJ. Outcome and follow-up of adults following extracorporeal life support. In: Zwischenberger JB , Bartlett RH eds. ECMO. Extracorporeal cardiopulmonary support in critical care. Ann Arbor, MI: Extracorporeal Life Support Organization , 1995: 415-443.

Moore FD , Lyons JH , Pierce EC et al. Post-traumatic pulmonary insufficiency. In: Characteristic clinical and chemical behavior; postmortem findings. Philadelphia, PA: WB Saunders ,1969: 99-121.

Zapol WM , Frikker MJ , Pontoppidan H , Wilson RS. The adult respiratory distress syndrome at Massachusetts General Hospital. In: Zapol WM , Lemaire F eds. Adult respiratory distress syndrome. New York: Marcel Dekker , 1991: 367-380.

Bartlett RH , Gazzaniga AB , Wilson AF , Medley T , Wetmore N. Mortality prediction in adult respiratory insufficiency . Chest 1975; 6: 680-684 .

Fowler AA , Hamman RF , Zerbe GO , Benson KN , Hyers TM. Adult respiratory distress syndrome; prognosis after onset . Am Rev Respir Dis 1985; 132: 472-478 .

Morel DR , Dargent F , Bachmann M , Suter P , Junod AF. Pulmonary extraction of serotonin and propanolol in patients with adult respiratory distress syndrome . Am Rev Respir Dis 1985; 132: 479-484 .

Murray JF , Matthay MA , Luce JM , Flick MR. An expanded definition of the adult respiratory distress syndrome . Am Rev Respir Dis 1988; 138: 720-723 .

Knaus WA , Wagner DP , Draper EA et al. The APACHE III prognostic system. Risk prediction of hospital mortality for critically ill hospitalized adults . Chest 1991; 100: 1619-1636 .

Goris RJA , te Boekhorst TPA , Nuytinck JKS , Gimbrere JSF. Multiple organ failure: generalized autodestructive inflammation? Arch Surg 1985; 120: 1109-1115 .