Determination and comparison of heat exchange efficiency of four commercially available blood cardioplegia sets

Abstract

An in vitro comparison of the heat exchange properties of the Electromedics D1081A, Sarns MP-4 'Conducer Coil' 165720, Bentley HE-1 00 and the Shiley BCD Plus 4:1 blood cardioplegia sets was performed. The efficiency was calculated for each heat exchanger and post-heat exchange blood path temperatures were compared.

The calculated efficiency for each heat exchanger is as follows: Electromedics D1081A at 18 I/minute coil water flow (0.95); Sarns MP-4 165720 at 9 I/minute coil water flow (0.93); Bentley HE-100 at 10 I/minute coil water flow (0.91); Shiley BCD Plus at 15 I/minute coil water flow (0.90).

Blood path, precoil temperatures for each unit were compared statistically with no differences found ( p > 0.05). Blood side, postcoil temperatures were then compared. The average postcoil blood path temperature of the Electromedics D1081A was 1.6° ± 0.1 °C, of the Sarns MP-4 165720 it was 2.1 ± 0.1°C, of the Bentley HE-100 it was 2.7° ± 0.3°C, and the Shiley BCD Plus 3.0° ± 0.4°C.

The results of this experiment indicate that the average postcoil temperature of the Electromedics D1081 A was lower than the Sarns MP-4 165720 (p < 0.05) which was lower than that of the Bentley HE-100 (p < 0.05) and Shiley BCD Plus (p < 0.05). No statistical difference was found between the average postcoil temperature of the Bentley HE-1 00 and the Shiley BDC Plus.

Get full access to this article

View all access options for this article.

References

Balderman SC , Binette JP , Chan Awk et al. The optimal temperature for preservation of the myocardium during global ischemia. Ann Thorac Surg 1983; 35: 605-14.

Lazar HL , Rivers S. Importance of topical hypothermia during heterogenous distribution of cardioplegic solution. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 1989; 98:251-57.

Barner HB , Standeven JW , Jellinek M. et al. Topical cardiac hypothermia for myocardial preservation. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 1977; 73: 856-66.

Nelson RL , Goldstein SM , McConnell D. et al. Improved myocardial performance after aortic cross-clamping by combining pharmacologic arrest with topical hypothermia. Circulation 1976; 54 (suppl 3): 11-16.

Tyers Gpo , Williams EH , Hughes HC et al. Effect of perfusate temperature on myocardial protection from ischemia. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 1977; 73: 766-71.

Jynge P. , Hearse DJ , Braimbridge MW Myocardial protection during ischemic cardiac arrest. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 1977; 73: 848-54.

Riley JB , Winn BA In vitro analysis of extracorporeal blood heat exchange devices. J Extracorp Technol 1977; 9: 134-44.

Lawrence E. , Wilson D. , Hanks E. et al. Clinical in vivo comparison of a nondisposable external, and an integral disposable heat exchanger. J Extracorp Technol 1977; 9: 67-69.

Barthelmy R. , Chauveau N. Evaluation of extracorporeal blood heat exchanger devices. J Extracorp Tech 1990; 22: 41-44.

10.

Curtis RM , Murphy D. , Dunlap CP et al. Testing of heat exchangers for extracorporeal circulation. J Extracorp Technol 1978; 6: 179-86.

11.

Ary D. , Jacobs LC Introduction to statistics. New York: Holt, Rinehart, and Winston, 1976.

12.

(a) BCD Plus 4:1, Shiley Labs Inc., Irvine, CA 92714, USA

13.

(b) HE-100 4:1, American Bentley Inc., Irvine, CA 92714, USA

14.

15.

(d) MP-4 165720, Sarns Inc., Ann Arbor, MI 48103, USA

16.

(e) CAPS, Shiley Labs Inc., Irvine, CA 92714, USA

17.

(f) Model no. 11160, Sarns Inc., Ann Arbor, MI 48103, USA

18.

(g) Bypass 70, tubing, American Bentley Inc., Irvine, CA92714, USA

19.

(h) Model TM-2100, Electromedics Inc., Englewood, CO 80112,USA

20.

(i) Model 2124, 2100 Series, Electromedics Inc., Englewood, CO 80112, USA

21.

(j) Series 400, Yellow Springs Instrument Co., Yellow Springs, OH 48307, USA