Ultrafiltration and paediatric cardiopulmonary bypass

Kirklin JK , Blackstone EH , Kirklin JW Cardiopulmonary bypass: studies on its damaging effects. Blood Purification 1987; 5: 168-78.

Brans YW , Dweck HS , Havis HB et al. Effects of open heart surgery on the body composition of infants and young children. Pediatr Res 1981; 15: 1024-28.

Pacifico AD , Digerness S. , Kirklin JW Acute alterations in body composition after open intracardiac operations . Circulation 1970; 41: 331-41.

Asada S. , Yamaguchi M. Fine structural change in the lung following cardiopulmonary bypass. Its relationship to early postoperative course. Chest 1971; 59: 478-83.

Staub NC Pulmonary oedema. Physiological approaches to management. Chest 1978; 74: 559-66.

Kopman EA , Ferguson TB Pulmonary oedema following cardiopulmonary bypass. Anesth Analg 1978;57:367-70.

Laks H. , Standeven J. , Blair O. , Hahn J. , Jellinek M. , Willman VL The effects of cardiopulmonary bypass with crystalloid and colloid haemodilution on myocardial extravascular water. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 1977; 73: 129-38.

Rigden Spa , Barratt TM , Dillon MJ , de Leval M. , Stark J. Acute renal failure complicating cardiopulmonary bypass surgery. Arch Dis Child 1982;57:425-30.

Maehara T. , Novak I. , Elliott MJ Peri-operative changes in total body water in children undergoing open heart surgery. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg; in press.

Novak I. , Davies Psw , Elliott MJ Non invasive estimation of total body water in critically ill children after open heart surgery. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg ; in press.

Elliott MJ Perfusion for paediatric open heart surgery. Semin Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 1990; 2: 332-40.

Magilligan DJ Indications for ultrafiltration in the cardiac surgical patient. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 1985;89: 183-89.

Morgan SH , Mansell MA , Thomson FD Fluid removal by haemofiltration in diuretic resistant cardiac failure . Br Heart J 1985; 54: 218-19.

Bodt J. , Kling D. , Bormann BV , Scheed HH , Hemplemann G. Extravascular lung water and hemofiltration during complicated cardiac surgery . Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 1987; 35: 161-65.

Walpoth B. , Geroulanos S. , Egloff L. , Turina M. , Senning A. Reduction of post bypass hemodilution by hemofiltration. Eur Soc Artif Organs 1979; 6: 315-21

Vertrees RA , Auvil J. , Harding E. , Sweet S. , Rousou JH , Engleman RM A technique of hemoconcentration. J Extracorp Technol 1982; 14: 431-44.

Holt DW , Landis GH , Dumond DA , Hardin SB , Miller M. Hemofiltration as an adjunct to cardiopulmonary bypass for total oxygenator volume control. J Extracorp Technol 1982; 14: 373-78.

Klinberg PL , Kam CA , Johnson DC , Cartmill TB , Brown JH Hematocrit and blood volume control during cardiopulmonary bypass with the use of hemofiltration. Anesthesiology 1984 ; 60: 478-80.

Magilligan DJ , Oyama C. Ultrafiltration during cardiopulmonary bypass: laboratory evaluation and initial clinical experience. Ann Thorac Surg 1984; 37: 33-39.

Nakamura Y. , Masuda M. , Toshima Y. et al. Comparative study of cell saver and ultrafiltration nontransfusion in cardiac surgery. Ann Thorac Surg 1990; 49: 973-78.

Coraim FJ , Coraim HP , Ebermann R. , Stellwag FM Acute respiratory failure after cardiac surgery: clinical experience with the application of continuous arteriovenous hemofiltration. Crit Care Med 1986; 14: 714-18.

Roe BR , Swenson EE , Hepps SA , Burns DL Total body perfusions in cardiac operations with perfusate of balanced electrolytes and low molecular weight dextran. Arch Surg 1964; 88: 128-34.

Hepps SA , Roe BR , Wright RR , Gardner RE Amelioration of the postperfusion syndrome with hamodilution and low molecular weight dextran. Surgery 1963; 54: 32-43.

Utley JR , Wachtel C. , Cain RB , Spaw EA , Collins JC , Stephens DB Effects of hypothermia, hemodilution and pump oxygenation on organ water content, blood flow and oxygen delivery and renal function. Ann Thorac Surg 1981; 31: 121-33.

Ratcliffe JM , Elliott MJ , Wyse Rkh. The metabolic load of stored blood. Implications for major transfusions in infants. Arch Dis Child 1986; 61: 1208-14.

Kawaguchi A. , Bergsland J. , Subramanian S. Total bloodless open heart surgery in the paediatric age group. Circulation 1984; 70 (suppl I): 30-37.

Laver MB , Buckley MJ Extreme hemodilution in the surgical patient. In: Messmer K, Schmid-Schonbein eds. Hemodilution. Theoretical basis and clinical application. Basel: Karger, 1972: 215.

Hoeft A. , Korb H. , Melhorn U. , Stephan H. , Sonntag H. Priming of cardiopulmonary bypass with human albumin or Ringer lactate: effect on colloidal osmotic pressure and extravascular lung water. Br J Anaesth 1991;66:73-80.

Bjornson J. Thrombus formation in the artificial kidney . Scand J Urol Nephrol 1978; 12: 251-57.

Horl W. , Schafer RM , Heidland A. Effects of different dialyzers on proteinases and proteinase inhibitors during hemodialysis. Am J Nephrol 1985; 5: 320-26.

Cheung A. , Henderson L. Effects of complement activation by hemodialysis membranes. Am J Nephrol 1986; 6: 81-91.

Wegmuller E. , Descoeudres C. , Hodler J. Biocompatibility of hemodialysis membranes: activation of complement and leukopenia. Kidney Int 1985; 28: 361-63.

Ringoir S. , Vanholder R. An introduction to biocompatibility. Artif Organs 1986; 10: 20-27.

Naik SK , Knight A. , Elliott MJ A successful modification of ultrafiltration for cardiopulmonary bypass in children. Perfusion 1991; 6: 41-50.

Naik SK , Knight A. , Elliott MJ A prospective randomised study of a modified technique of ultrafiltration during paediatric open heart surgery. Circulation 1991; 84 (suppl III): 422-31.