The use of carbon dioxide for displacement of air in cardiac surgery can have potential adverse effects on blood gas strategies. Presented is a method of monitoring carbon dioxide in the cardiopulmonary bypass circuit and limiting the potential for severe hypercarbia during cardiopulmonary bypass.
Get full access to this article
View all access options for this article.
References
1.
Selman MW , McAlpine WA , Albregt H , Ratan R.An effective method of replacing air in the chest with CO2 during open-heart surgery . J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg1967; 53: 618-622 .
2.
Nichols HT , Morse DP , Hirose T.Coronary and other air embolization occurring during open cardiac surgery . Surgery1958; 43: 236-244 .
3.
Burbank A , Ferguson TB , Burford TH.Carbon dioxide flooding of the chest in open-heart surgery . J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg1965; 50: 691-698 .
4.
Webb WR , Harrison LH , Helmcke FRet al.Carbon dioxide field flooding minimizes residual intracardiac air after open heart operations . Ann Thorac Surg1997; 64: 1489-1491 .
5.
O’Connor BR , Kussman BD , Park KW.Severe hypercarbia during cardiopulmonary bypass: a complication of CO2 flooding of the surgical field . Anesth Analg1998; 86: 264-266 .
6.
Olinger GN.Carbon dioxide displacement of left heart chambers . J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg1995; 109: 187-188 .
7.
Van der Linden J , Casimir-Ahn H.When do cerebral emboli appear during open heart operations? A transcranial study . Ann Thorac Surg1991; 51: 237-241 .
