This study discusses data from the most extensive survey of journalism students conducted in Britain, and similar data from Spanish journalism students, collected as they commence their studies in journalism. It shows that significant differences exist between these countries in students' motivations to be journalists, including `public service' motives, and in their views on the social roles of news media. Yet, British and Spanish students exhibit similar views on journalism ethics. To consider effects of `professionalization', students' responses are compared with those of experienced journalists previously surveyed in both countries. The findings suggest that distinct, national journalistic `cultures' have influenced students before they arrive at university.
Ball, A., M. Hanna and K. Sanders (2006) `What British Journalism Students Think about Ethics and Journalism', Journalism and Mass Communication Educator61(1): 20-32.
2.
Barrera, C. and A. Vaz (2003) `The Spanish Case: A Recent Academic Tradition ', pp. 21-48 in R. Fröhlich and C. Holtz-Bacha (eds) Journalism Education in Europe and North America: An International Comparison. Cresskill, NJ: Hampton Press.
3.
Becker, L. (2003) `Introduction: Developing a Sociology of Journalism Education', pp. xi-xvii in R. Fröhlich and C. Holtz-Bacha (eds) Journalism Education in Europe and North America: An International Comparison. Cresskill, NJ: Hampton Press.
4.
Bjørnsen, G., J.F. Hovden, R. Ottosen, I. Schultz and H. Zilliacus-Tikkanen (2007) `The Nordic Journalism Student: A Cross-National Study', paper presented at the International Communication Association conference, San Francisco, 24-28 May; at: hovdabrekka.blogspot.com/ (accessed 16 November 2007).
5.
Blumler, J., J. McLeod and K. Rosengren (eds) ( 1992) Comparatively Speaking: Communication and Culture across Space and Time. Newbury Park, CA: Sage.
6.
Boyd-Barrett, O. (1970) `Journalism Recruitment and Training: Problems in Professionalization', pp. 181-201 in J. Tunstall (ed.) Media Sociology: A Reader. London: Constable.
7.
Canel, M.J. and A. Piqué (1998) `Journalists for Emerging Democracies: The Case of Spain', pp. 299-319 in D. Weaver (ed.) The Global Journalist. Cresskill, NJ: Hampton Press.
8.
Canel, M.J. and K. Sanders (2006) Morality Tales: Political Scandals and Journalism in Britain and Spain in the 1990s. Cresskill, NJ: Hampton Press.
9.
Canel, M.J., J.J. Sánchez Aranda and R. Rodríguez (2000) Opiniones y actitudes. Periodistas al descubierto. Retrato de los profesionales de la información. Madrid : Centro de Investigación Sociológica (CIS).
10.
Delano, A. (2001) `The Formation of the British Journalist 1900-2000', PhD thesis, University of Westminster.
11.
Delano, A. and J. Henningham (1995) The News Breed: British Journalists in the 1990s . London: The London College of Printing and Distributive Trades.
12.
Donsbach, W. (1983) `Journalists' Conceptions of their Audience', Gazette32: 19-36.
13.
European Commission (2004) Eurobarometer 61. Brussels: EU.
14.
Fröhlich, R. and C. Holtz-Bacha (1993) `Structures of Inhomogeneity - Dilemmas of Journalism Training in Europe', pp. 13-25 in G.G. Kopper (ed.) Innovation in Journalism Training: A European Perspective . Berlin: Vistas.
15.
Fröhlich, R. and C. Holtz-Bacha (eds) (2003) Journalism Education in Europe and North America: An International Comparison. Cresskill, NJ: Hampton Press.
16.
García de Cortázar, M. and M.A. García de León (eds) (2000) Profesionales del periodismo. Madrid: Centro de Investigación Sociológica (CIS).
17.
Hallin, D. and P. Mancini (2004) Comparing Media Systems: Three Models of Media and Politics. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
18.
Henningham, J. and A. Delano (1998) `British Journalists', pp. 143-60 in D. Weaver (ed.) The Global Journalist. Cresskill, NJ: Hampton Press.
19.
Johnstone, J.W.C., E.J. Slawski and W.W. Bowman (1976) The News People: A Sociological Portrait of American Journalists and their Work. Urbana, IL: University of Illinois Press.
20.
Journalism Training Forum (2002) Journalists at Work: Their Views on Training, Recruitment and Conditions. London: Journalism Training Forum.
21.
Kocher, R. (1986) `Bloodhounds and Missionaries: Role Definitions of German and British Journalists', European Journal of Communication1: 43-64.
22.
Mancini, P. (2005) `Is there a European Model of Journalism?', pp. 77-93 in H. de Burgh (ed.) Making Journalists . London: Routledge.
23.
Navas, A. and J.F. Sánchez (1995) `La formación de los periodistas de la comunicación ', pp. 279-94 in Situación. La industria de la comunicación, Vol. 4. Bilbao: Banco Bilbao-Vizcaya.
24.
Ortega, F. and M.L. Humanes (2000) Algo mas que periodistas. Barcelona : Ariel.
25.
Sanders, K. (2004) `Spanish Politicians and the Media: Controlled Visibility and Soap Opera Politics', Parliamentary Affairs57(1): 196-208.
26.
Sanders, K. and M.J. Canel (2006) `A Scribbling Tribe: Reporting Political Scandal in Britain and Spain', Journalism: Theory, Practice and Criticism7(4): 453-76.
27.
Soler, P. (2004) Llibre blanc de la professió periodística a Catalunya . Barcelona: UAB & Collegi de Periodistes de Catalunya.
28.
Splichal, S. and C. Sparks (1994) Journalists for the 21st Century: Tendencies of Professionalization among First-Year Students in 22 Countries. Norwood, NJ: Ablex.
29.
Stephenson, H. and P. Mory (1990) Journalism Training in Europe: Report for the European Journalism Training Association. Brussels: Commission of the European Communities.
30.
Tunstall, J. (1996) Newspaper Power: The New National Press in Britain . Oxford: Clarendon Press.
31.
Weaver, D. (ed.) (1998) The Global Journalist: News People Around the World. Cresskill, NJ : Hampton Press.
32.
Weaver, D. (2005) `Who are Journalists?', pp. 44-57 in H. de Burgh (ed.) Making Journalists. London: Routledge.
33.
Weaver, D. and G. Wilhoit (1996) The American Journalist in the 1990s: US News People at the End of an Era. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.
34.
Zhu, J.-H., D. Weaver, V.-H. Lo, C. Chen and W. Wu (1997) `Individual, Organizational, and Societal Influences on Media Role Perceptions: A Comparative Study of Journalists in China, Taiwan, and the United States', Journalism and Mass Communication Quarterly74(1): 84-96.
