Surface integrity of laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) fabricated 18Ni300 components remains a critical challenge, which affects wear performance and limits their reliability in tribologically demanding applications. In the present work, the tribological performance of LPBF 18Ni300 parts was systematically investigated to evaluate the combined effects of laser hatch pattern, powder reuse, heat treatment (HT), and laser shock peening (LSP), under dry sliding conditions. Surface characterization including XRD, microhardness, and residual stress analysis was performed. Results indicate that hatch pattern significantly impacts residual stress and hardness, with chessboard hatch yielding higher compressive residual stress and improved wear resistance, while powder recycling leads to wear performance degradation. HT enhanced hardness and wear performance through grain refinement. LSP significantly enhanced wear resistance of recycled powder specimens, through strain induced grain refinement and generation of compressive residual stresses. Phase analysis revealed martensite as the dominant phase in the LPBF-18Ni300 specimens. Morphology of worn surfaces indicates combined influence of abrasion and delamination wear mechanisms in the specimens at all conditions. These findings provide critical guidance for optimizing processing parameters and post-processing treatments to achieve superior tribological performance of LPBF-18Ni300 parts in industrial applications.
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